Understory Living Jungle 3D Hero AI website prompt
A live 3D jungle floor with swaying ferns, drifting butterflies and a cursor-driven camera that looks up into the canopy.
Now put it in WordPress
You have a site. Now make it yours.
An AI build hands you a front end and stops there. No CMS, no client login, no real ownership: you cannot hand it over, and you cannot change it without going back and re-prompting. UiChemy turns that build into native, editable WordPress you own, in the builder you already use.
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Frequently asked questions
What does the Understory Living Jungle 3D Hero prompt build?
A live 3D jungle floor with swaying ferns, drifting butterflies and a cursor-driven camera that looks up into the canopy.
Which AI tools does the Understory Living Jungle 3D Hero prompt work with?
It's written to work with . Paste it into your AI tool and it builds the site, then move the result into WordPress with UiChemy.
How do I turn the result into a WordPress site?
After the AI builds your site, UiChemy Composer rebuilds it as native, editable WordPress in Elementor or Gutenberg (Bricks coming soon) — you own it and edit it in your builder. See AI to WordPress.
Is the Understory Living Jungle 3D Hero prompt free?
Yes — it's free to copy, no account needed.
Can I edit the website after it's built?
Yes. Once it's in WordPress with UiChemy, every section is native and editable — no re-prompting, no lock-in.
Understory Living Jungle 3D Hero · Section prompt
# UNDERSTORY · WordPress edition — Elementor page on demo.uichemy.com
**This is the WP-media build of `UNDERSTORY-MASTER-PROMPT.md`**: the live-3D forest-floor hero as one UiChemy Composer widget. All media is in the WordPress library, and it is verified px-to-px against the standalone. The widget carries a `uichemy_controller_bridge` so the scene is tunable from the Composer Animation panel.
| | |
|---|---|
| page | **435** · published · `https://demo.uichemy.com/understory-ground-layer-ecology/` |
| widget | `j5phx0s` "Understory Hero", wrapper `.uichemy-understory-1` |
| media | `/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/understory-jungle.glb` (6.3 MB, attachment 433) · `/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/understory-forest-hdr.glb` (the .hdr, attachment 434) |
| code files | `understory.js?v=1` (loader) → `understory-app.js?v=1` → six `understory-*.js?v=1` modules |
| three | r169, exactly as the source |
## Rules this build follows
1. **WordPress refuses `.hdr`** (only images, video, glTF and fonts are allowed). The HDR's exact bytes are the BIN chunk of a valid `.glb` container (JSON extras carry the sha256 `b7c96792…`). `loadHdrCarrier()` fetches it with progress, slices the BIN chunk, and hands a blob URL to the same `RGBELoader`, so the texture data is byte-identical.
2. **One importmap per site.** The site map points `three` at r165 (KAIRO). Understory needs r169, so every Understory import is a full r169 URL. A `scopes` entry makes r169 addons resolve their internal `import 'three'` to r169 too: one instance, no version mix.
3. **Never put `;` or `:` inside a CSS string.** The formatter split the grain texture's `data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg…>` at the `;` and added a space after `http:`. The broken string then took most of the following rules with it (every text style was lost). The same SVG is now fully percent-encoded (`data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg…`).
4. The source's `body{overflow:hidden;height:100svh}` lives in site head as `html:has(.uichemy-understory-1) body{…}`. `body.ready` became `.uichemy-understory-1.ready`, and the app adds the class to the wrapper.
5. **An editor save strips `<svg>`.** The loader re-inserts the specimen tag's leader line if it is missing.
6. No comments in widget CSS; every `@media` opens with a `--us-guard` rule; keyframes renamed `us-*`.
7. **Bridge:** 29 controls in 5 groups (Look, Light, Nature, Camera), all targeting `#stage`. The widget JS publishes `window.UNDERSTORY_MOTION`, and `understory-app.js` reads it through `MM`. Defaults are the source's numbers. Values are read once at load, so a change shows after reload.
8. **Cache:** Cloudflare keeps these files 30 days. When a module changes, bump its `?v=` in `understory-app.js` AND bump `APP` in `understory.js` AND the tag in B3.
## Verified (Playwright, live against the standalone)
- **1440×900, 1024×768 and 390×844:**
- Untransformed layout boxes of topbar, brand, station, lead, eyebrow, h1, lede and tag are identical.
- Computed type is identical on 11 elements: family, size, weight, style, line-height, tracking, colour, variation settings and margins.
- The scene is identical: 54 meshes, environment loaded, exposure 1.28, 4 butterflies, canvas at viewport size. No console errors.
- **Media:** both files are requested from `demo.uichemy.com/wp-content/uploads`, and nothing comes from jsDelivr.
- **Bridge flow:** patching `exposure` 1.28→2.2 and `butterflies` 4→12 gave `renderer.toneMappingExposure` 2.2 and 12 butterflies.
- **Environment trap:** headless Chrome with software WebGL renders so slowly that `document.timeline` stops advancing, so the CSS entrance never plays and the headline reads as missing. The standalone does the same. Stop the render loop (`__app.renderer.setAnimationLoop(null)`) before judging the text.
## Appendix · verbatim blocks
| block | sha256 |
|---|---|
| B1 · site_before_head — importmap scope (merge) | `90c0c31e226be3244ad194d3aaaecd2bb6de04b221cc2d57a39f6c934ebdd239` |
| B2 · site_before_head — fonts + body rule (append) | `dd7f16b20ac7d966b9fa90138f43dbd518f155201de2e594c0fdc1bfd4eb0d47` |
| B3 · site_before_body (append) | `83c55082158d55d2c38bbff21ecff914c60774e52f5b446a9643ac515bd0f57c` |
| B4 · widget HTML | `0cab81b93967b4ebe72d371671068db4fad71768d8f98c74af1658233f783dda` |
| B5 · widget CSS (as sent) | `cd35df440c99eeba2308e3dfa4171a28c6a9d4cf022fefefe123281743e04087` |
| B6 · widget JS — uichemy_controller_bridge | `a431419a9330304cd04cf8f978c9693be9f753948f0c7ee5b63e54f53f50b85a` |
| code file `understory.js` | `950dbfc0b3b5fd379d3c03d4d951dcfb35da4d3e0932f3c922db106e27b4feac` |
| code file `understory-app.js` | `93fea5246d1cc28e66d0cf00aec108e74cba143b24747de638c3d3a62f4daafd` |
| code file `understory-atmosphere.js` | `f6a2d9e13ad3e0bd615c736a68c9050d8479fe6853de087333721579654de970` |
| code file `understory-butterflies.js` | `9696a0d0dc6dfdbd71abae5bd715f595810a3d0b9156e845568d3f5ff03a53ba` |
| code file `understory-fur.js` | `b6427ad9494cade728ef03374d09a8c7eb82ad12317579c2b31a05279520aeb6` |
| code file `understory-post.js` | `fa09d7f93e2b19c1e461b001d274dcda5e3b4562023662669306554b3671774c` |
| code file `understory-realism.js` | `36fd414c3ba1b10fc2a2cd615c4601694fa7a0a1f831529777072d89f6e08500` |
| code file `understory-wind.js` | `25e9e8b824e5671cef8c5a67e7a23819c7eb03f8ba16313b7b87bcffd10f418d` |
### B1 · site_before_head — importmap scope (merge)
````json
<!-- merged into the EXISTING site importmap (do not add a second one) -->
"scopes": {
"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/": {
"three": "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js"
}
}
````
### B2 · site_before_head — fonts + body rule (append)
````html
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Fraunces:ital,opsz,wght,SOFT,WONK@0,9..144,300..600,0..100,0..1;1,9..144,300..600,0..100,0..1&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@400;500&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" />
<style>
html:has(.uichemy-understory-1) body{margin:0;background:#0c0f0b;overflow:hidden;height:100svh}
</style>
````
### B3 · site_before_body (append)
````html
<script src="/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory.js?v=1"></script>
````
### B4 · widget HTML
````html
<div class="uichemy-understory-1">
<div id="stage"></div>
<div class="scrim"></div>
<div id="loader">
<div class="mark">Understory</div>
<div class="bar"><i id="barfill"></i></div>
<div class="pct" id="pct">0%</div>
</div>
<div class="grain"></div>
<div class="content">
<div class="topbar">
<div class="brand rise d1">
<b>Understory</b>
<span class="mono">Ground-layer ecology</span>
</div>
<div class="station rise d2">
<span class="rec mono"><i></i>Recording</span>
<span class="mono coords">Plot 04 · 01°22′N 103°48′E · 212 m</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="specimen off" id="specimen" aria-hidden="true">
<i class="pin"></i>
<svg class="lead-line" viewBox="0 0 118 96" preserveAspectRatio="none">
<path d="M0 96 L46 30 L118 30" fill="none" stroke="rgba(230,207,150,.75)" stroke-width="1"/>
</svg>
<div class="tag">
<span class="no mono">Specimen 0417</span>
<b>Hypnum cupressiforme</b>
<span class="common">Cypress-leaved plait-moss</span>
<span class="meta mono"><span>On fallen log</span><span>0.9 m</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<section class="lead">
<p class="eyebrow mono rise d3">Survey Nº 04 — Life below the knee</p>
<h1 class="rise d4">
<span class="l1">The forest</span>
<span class="l2"><em>floor</em> is</span>
<span class="l3">the forest.</span>
</h1>
<p class="lede rise d5">Ninety percent of a woodland’s living diversity grows <b>under your boot</b> — and almost none of it appears in canopy surveys. We measure the layer everyone walks over.</p>
</section>
</div>
</div>
````
### B5 · widget CSS (as sent)
````css
.uichemy-understory-1{--ink:#eef2ea; --ink-soft:rgba(238,242,234,.74); --ink-faint:rgba(238,242,234,.48); --moss:#bcd894; --lichen:#e6cf96; --bark:#0c0f0b; --hair:rgba(238,242,234,.20); --glass:rgba(12,16,11,.38); --serif:"Fraunces",Georgia,serif; --mono:"IBM Plex Mono",ui-monospace,Menlo,monospace; --pad:44px;}
.uichemy-understory-1 *{box-sizing:border-box}
.uichemy-understory-1{background:var(--bark);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--serif);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale}
.uichemy-understory-1 #stage{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:0}
.uichemy-understory-1 #stage canvas{display:block;width:100%;height:100%}
.uichemy-understory-1 .scrim{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:1;pointer-events:none; background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(9,12,8,.62) 0%, rgba(9,12,8,0) 22%), linear-gradient(to top, rgba(9,12,8,.78) 0%, rgba(9,12,8,.30) 32%, rgba(9,12,8,0) 55%), linear-gradient(to right, rgba(9,12,8,.45) 0%, rgba(9,12,8,0) 46%);}
.uichemy-understory-1 .grain{position:fixed;inset:-50%;z-index:2;pointer-events:none;opacity:.07;mix-blend-mode:overlay; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27220%27%20height%3D%27220%27%3E%3Cfilter%20id%3D%27n%27%3E%3CfeTurbulence%20type%3D%27fractalNoise%27%20baseFrequency%3D%27.9%27%20numOctaves%3D%273%27%20stitchTiles%3D%27stitch%27%2F%3E%3C%2Ffilter%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27100%25%27%20height%3D%27100%25%27%20filter%3D%27url%28%23n%29%27%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E"); animation:us-grain 1.2s steps(6) infinite;}
@keyframes us-grain{0%{transform:translate(0,0)}20%{transform:translate(-3%,2%)}40%{transform:translate(2%,-3%)} 60%{transform:translate(-2%,-1%)}80%{transform:translate(3%,2%)}100%{transform:translate(0,0)}}
.uichemy-understory-1 #loader{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:40;background:var(--bark); display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:20px; transition:opacity .9s ease;}
.uichemy-understory-1 #loader.done{opacity:0;pointer-events:none}
.uichemy-understory-1 .mark{font-family:var(--serif);font-style:italic;font-size:32px;font-weight:340; font-variation-settings:"SOFT" 100,"WONK" 1,"opsz" 72}
.uichemy-understory-1 .bar{width:180px;height:1px;background:var(--hair);overflow:hidden}
.uichemy-understory-1 .bar i{display:block;height:100%;width:0%;background:var(--moss);transition:width .25s ease}
.uichemy-understory-1 .pct{font:400 11px/1 var(--mono);letter-spacing:.22em;color:var(--ink-faint)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .content{position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:3;pointer-events:none}
.uichemy-understory-1 .content a,.uichemy-understory-1 .content button{pointer-events:auto}
.uichemy-understory-1 .mono{font-family:var(--mono);font-weight:400;font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase}
.uichemy-understory-1 .topbar{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;right:0;padding:30px var(--pad); display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;}
.uichemy-understory-1 .brand{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px}
.uichemy-understory-1 .brand b{font-weight:360;font-style:italic;font-size:24px;letter-spacing:-.01em;line-height:1; font-variation-settings:"SOFT" 100,"WONK" 1,"opsz" 60}
.uichemy-understory-1 .brand span{color:var(--ink-faint)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .station{text-align:right;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;color:var(--ink-soft)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .rec{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;justify-content:flex-end;color:var(--moss)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .rec i{width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--moss);box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(188,216,148,.7); animation:us-rec 2.2s ease-out infinite}
@keyframes us-rec{0%{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(188,216,148,.6)}100%{box-shadow:0 0 0 10px rgba(188,216,148,0)}}
.uichemy-understory-1 .lead{position:absolute;left:var(--pad);bottom:48px;width:min(760px,62vw)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .eyebrow{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;color:var(--lichen);margin:0 0 26px}
.uichemy-understory-1 .eyebrow::before{content:"";width:34px;height:1px;background:var(--lichen);opacity:.7}
.uichemy-understory-1 h1{margin:0 0 30px;font-weight:330;line-height:.9;letter-spacing:-.035em;font-size:104px; font-variation-settings:"SOFT" 60,"WONK" 0,"opsz" 144;}
.uichemy-understory-1 h1 span{display:block}
.uichemy-understory-1 h1 .l2{padding-left:.9em}
.uichemy-understory-1 h1 .l3{padding-left:.28em}
.uichemy-understory-1 h1 em{font-style:italic;font-weight:300;color:var(--moss); font-variation-settings:"SOFT" 100,"WONK" 1,"opsz" 144}
.uichemy-understory-1 .lede{margin:0;max-width:430px;font-size:18px;line-height:1.55;font-weight:350;color:var(--ink-soft); font-variation-settings:"opsz" 18}
.uichemy-understory-1 .lede b{font-weight:500;color:var(--ink)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .specimen{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:0;height:0;will-change:transform;transition:opacity .6s}
.uichemy-understory-1 .specimen.off{opacity:0}
.uichemy-understory-1 .pin{position:absolute;left:-5px;top:-5px;width:10px;height:10px;border-radius:50%; border:1.5px solid var(--lichen);background:rgba(230,207,150,.25)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .pin::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:-7px;border-radius:50%;border:1px solid rgba(230,207,150,.55); animation:us-ping 2.6s ease-out infinite}
@keyframes us-ping{0%{transform:scale(.4);opacity:1}100%{transform:scale(1.6);opacity:0}}
.uichemy-understory-1 .lead-line{position:absolute;left:0;top:-96px;width:118px;height:96px;overflow:visible}
.uichemy-understory-1 .tag{position:absolute;left:118px;top:-126px;width:214px;padding:12px 14px; background:rgba(236,232,214,.92);color:#1c2016;border-radius:1px; box-shadow:0 18px 40px -18px rgba(0,0,0,.6);}
.uichemy-understory-1 .tag .no{display:block;color:#6b6a4e;font-size:10px;margin-bottom:8px}
.uichemy-understory-1 .tag b{display:block;font-weight:500;font-style:italic;font-size:17px;line-height:1.1; font-variation-settings:"SOFT" 100,"WONK" 1,"opsz" 30}
.uichemy-understory-1 .tag .common{display:block;font-size:13px;color:#4b4d3c;margin-top:3px}
.uichemy-understory-1 .specimen.flip .lead-line{left:-118px;transform:scaleX(-1)}
.uichemy-understory-1 .specimen.flip .tag{left:auto;right:118px}
.uichemy-understory-1 .tag .meta{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin-top:10px;padding-top:8px;border-top:1px dashed #a8a488; color:#6b6a4e;font-size:9.5px}
.uichemy-understory-1 .rise{opacity:0;transform:translateY(18px)}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .rise{animation:us-rise 1.1s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1) forwards}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .d1{animation-delay:.10s}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .d2{animation-delay:.22s}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .d3{animation-delay:.34s}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .d4{animation-delay:.48s}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .d5{animation-delay:.62s}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .d6{animation-delay:.80s}
.uichemy-understory-1.ready .d7{animation-delay:1.05s}
@keyframes us-rise{to{opacity:1;transform:none}}
@media(max-width:1200px){.uichemy-understory-1{--us-guard:0}.uichemy-understory-1 h1{font-size:76px}.uichemy-understory-1 .lead{width:min(620px,60vw)}}
@media(max-width:900px){.uichemy-understory-1{--us-guard:0}.uichemy-understory-1{--pad:20px}.uichemy-understory-1 h1{font-size:50px}.uichemy-understory-1 .lede{font-size:16px;max-width:none}.uichemy-understory-1 .lead{width:auto;right:var(--pad);bottom:30px}.uichemy-understory-1 .specimen,.uichemy-understory-1 .station .coords{display:none}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.uichemy-understory-1{--us-guard:0}.uichemy-understory-1 .grain,.uichemy-understory-1 .pin::after,.uichemy-understory-1 .rec i{animation:none}.uichemy-understory-1 .rise{opacity:1;transform:none}.uichemy-understory-1.ready .rise{animation:none}}
````
### B6 · widget JS — uichemy_controller_bridge
````js
const uichemy_controller_bridge = {
"exposure": {"value": 1.28, "label": "Exposure", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0.5, "max": 3, "step": 0.01},
"bloom_strength": {"value": 0.2, "label": "Bloom strength", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0, "max": 1.5, "step": 0.01},
"bloom_radius": {"value": 0.5, "label": "Bloom radius", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0, "max": 1.5, "step": 0.01},
"bloom_threshold": {"value": 0.94, "label": "Bloom threshold", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0, "max": 1, "step": 0.01},
"contrast": {"value": 1.12, "label": "Contrast", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0.5, "max": 2, "step": 0.01},
"saturation": {"value": 1.05, "label": "Saturation", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0, "max": 2, "step": 0.01},
"vignette": {"value": 0.5, "label": "Vignette", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0, "max": 1.5, "step": 0.01},
"warm": {"value": 0.7, "label": "Warmth", "target": "#stage", "group": "Look", "min": 0, "max": 1.5, "step": 0.01},
"key_light": {"value": 1.55, "label": "Sun light", "target": "#stage", "group": "Light", "min": 0, "max": 5, "step": 0.05},
"fill_light": {"value": 0.62, "label": "Fill light", "target": "#stage", "group": "Light", "min": 0, "max": 3, "step": 0.02},
"sky_light": {"value": 1.25, "label": "Sky light", "target": "#stage", "group": "Light", "min": 0, "max": 4, "step": 0.05},
"env_intensity": {"value": 0.8, "label": "Environment light", "target": "#stage", "group": "Light", "min": 0, "max": 3, "step": 0.02},
"fog_near": {"value": 14.0, "unit": "m", "label": "Fog start", "target": "#stage", "group": "Light", "min": 0, "max": 60, "step": 0.5},
"fog_far": {"value": 78.0, "unit": "m", "label": "Fog end", "target": "#stage", "group": "Light", "min": 10, "max": 200, "step": 1},
"wind_scale": {"value": 0.34, "label": "Wind strength", "target": "#stage", "group": "Nature", "min": 0, "max": 2, "step": 0.01},
"butterflies": {"value": 4, "label": "Butterflies", "target": "#stage", "group": "Nature", "min": 0, "max": 26, "step": 1},
"butterfly_speed": {"value": 0.55, "label": "Butterfly speed", "target": "#stage", "group": "Nature", "min": 0, "max": 2, "step": 0.01},
"butterfly_beat": {"value": 0.62, "label": "Wing beat", "target": "#stage", "group": "Nature", "min": 0, "max": 2, "step": 0.01},
"mist_opacity": {"value": 0.15, "label": "Mist", "target": "#stage", "group": "Nature", "min": 0, "max": 0.6, "step": 0.01},
"dust_spin": {"value": 0.012, "label": "Dust drift", "target": "#stage", "group": "Nature", "min": 0, "max": 0.1, "step": 0.001},
"cursor_follow": {"value": 0.34, "label": "Cursor lag", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0.001, "max": 0.95, "step": 0.01},
"camera_follow": {"value": 0.1, "label": "Camera lag", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0.001, "max": 0.95, "step": 0.01},
"pan_x": {"value": 0.55, "label": "Cursor pan X", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0, "max": 3, "step": 0.01},
"pan_y": {"value": 0.22, "label": "Cursor pan Y", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0, "max": 3, "step": 0.01},
"look_x": {"value": 0.9, "label": "Look sideways", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0, "max": 4, "step": 0.05},
"look_up": {"value": 7.4, "label": "Look up into canopy", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0, "max": 15, "step": 0.1},
"look_down": {"value": 1.5, "label": "Look down", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0, "max": 10, "step": 0.1},
"drift_x": {"value": 0.2, "label": "Idle drift X", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0, "max": 1, "step": 0.01},
"drift_y": {"value": 0.12, "label": "Idle drift Y", "target": "#stage", "group": "Camera", "min": 0, "max": 1, "step": 0.01}
};
window.UNDERSTORY_MOTION = Object.assign(window.UNDERSTORY_MOTION || {}, {
exposure: uichemy_controller_bridge.exposure,
bloom_strength: uichemy_controller_bridge.bloom_strength,
bloom_radius: uichemy_controller_bridge.bloom_radius,
bloom_threshold: uichemy_controller_bridge.bloom_threshold,
contrast: uichemy_controller_bridge.contrast,
saturation: uichemy_controller_bridge.saturation,
vignette: uichemy_controller_bridge.vignette,
warm: uichemy_controller_bridge.warm,
key_light: uichemy_controller_bridge.key_light,
fill_light: uichemy_controller_bridge.fill_light,
sky_light: uichemy_controller_bridge.sky_light,
env_intensity: uichemy_controller_bridge.env_intensity,
fog_near: uichemy_controller_bridge.fog_near,
fog_far: uichemy_controller_bridge.fog_far,
wind_scale: uichemy_controller_bridge.wind_scale,
butterflies: uichemy_controller_bridge.butterflies,
butterfly_speed: uichemy_controller_bridge.butterfly_speed,
butterfly_beat: uichemy_controller_bridge.butterfly_beat,
mist_opacity: uichemy_controller_bridge.mist_opacity,
dust_spin: uichemy_controller_bridge.dust_spin,
cursor_follow: uichemy_controller_bridge.cursor_follow,
camera_follow: uichemy_controller_bridge.camera_follow,
pan_x: uichemy_controller_bridge.pan_x,
pan_y: uichemy_controller_bridge.pan_y,
look_x: uichemy_controller_bridge.look_x,
look_up: uichemy_controller_bridge.look_up,
look_down: uichemy_controller_bridge.look_down,
drift_x: uichemy_controller_bridge.drift_x,
drift_y: uichemy_controller_bridge.drift_y
});
````
### code file `understory.js`
````js
/* UNDERSTORY — loader. Loaded site-wide before </body>; does nothing unless the
page holds the Understory section. Repairs the specimen tag's inline <svg>
(an editor save strips it) and then imports the page module. Versioned on
purpose: Cloudflare caches these files for 30 days — bump APP and the
module URLs inside understory-app.js together. */
(function () {
'use strict';
var APP = '/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory-app.js?v=1';
var SVG = "<svg class=\"lead-line\" viewBox=\"0 0 118 96\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n <path d=\"M0 96 L46 30 L118 30\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"rgba(230,207,150,.75)\" stroke-width=\"1\"/>\n </svg>";
function start() {
var root = document.querySelector('.uichemy-understory-1');
if (!root || root.getAttribute('data-us-ready')) return;
root.setAttribute('data-us-ready', '1');
document.documentElement.style.scrollBehavior = 'auto';
var sp = root.querySelector('#specimen');
if (sp && !sp.querySelector('svg.lead-line')) {
var pin = sp.querySelector('.pin');
if (pin) pin.insertAdjacentHTML('afterend', SVG); else sp.insertAdjacentHTML('afterbegin', SVG);
}
import(APP).catch(function (e) { if (window.console) console.error('Understory failed to load:', e); });
}
if (document.readyState === 'loading') document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', start);
else start();
})();
````
### code file `understory-app.js`
````js
/* Understory — the page module from UNDERSTORY-MASTER-PROMPT.md, verbatim except:
- import specifiers written out in full (three r169 + the sibling code files);
- the .glb and .hdr come from the WordPress media library (the .hdr inside a
.glb carrier, unwrapped by loadHdrCarrier below);
- the "ready" class goes on the section wrapper, not <body>;
- tunable values read from MM, fed by the widget's uichemy_controller_bridge. */
import * as THREE from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js';
import { GLTFLoader } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/loaders/GLTFLoader.js';
import { RGBELoader } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/loaders/RGBELoader.js';
import { MeshoptDecoder } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/libs/meshopt_decoder.module.js';
import { makeFur } from '/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory-fur.js?v=1';
import { makeButterflies } from '/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory-butterflies.js?v=1';
import { applyWind, tickWind } from '/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory-wind.js?v=1';
import { addSurfaceDetail } from '/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory-realism.js?v=1';
import { makeShafts, makeMist, makeMotes, makeSky } from '/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory-atmosphere.js?v=1';
import { makePost } from '/wp-content/uichemy-composer/understory-post.js?v=1';
const WRAP = document.querySelector('.uichemy-understory-1');
const MM = (() => {
const d = {
exposure: 1.28,
bloom_strength: 0.2,
bloom_radius: 0.5,
bloom_threshold: 0.94,
contrast: 1.12,
saturation: 1.05,
vignette: 0.5,
warm: 0.7,
key_light: 1.55,
fill_light: 0.62,
sky_light: 1.25,
env_intensity: 0.8,
fog_near: 14.0,
fog_far: 78.0,
wind_scale: 0.34,
butterflies: 4,
butterfly_speed: 0.55,
butterfly_beat: 0.62,
mist_opacity: 0.15,
dust_spin: 0.012,
cursor_follow: 0.34,
camera_follow: 0.1,
pan_x: 0.55,
pan_y: 0.22,
look_x: 0.9,
look_up: 7.4,
look_down: 1.5,
drift_x: 0.2,
drift_y: 0.12
};
const src = window.UNDERSTORY_MOTION || {};
for (const k in d){
let v = src[k];
if (v && typeof v === 'object' && 'value' in v) v = v.value;
if (typeof d[k] === 'number'){ v = parseFloat(v); if (isFinite(v)) d[k] = v; }
}
return d;
})();
async function loadHdrCarrier(url, onPct){
const res = await fetch(url);
if (!res.ok) throw new Error('HDR carrier ' + res.status);
const total = +res.headers.get('content-length') || 0;
const reader = res.body.getReader(); const parts = []; let got = 0;
for (;;){
const { done, value } = await reader.read();
if (done) break;
parts.push(value); got += value.length;
if (total) onPct(got / total * 100);
}
const buf = new Uint8Array(got); let o = 0;
for (const p of parts){ buf.set(p, o); o += p.length; }
const dv = new DataView(buf.buffer);
const jsonLen = dv.getUint32(12, true);
const binStart = 20 + jsonLen;
const meta = JSON.parse(new TextDecoder().decode(buf.subarray(20, 20 + jsonLen)));
const size = meta.buffers[0].byteLength;
return URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([buf.subarray(binStart + 8, binStart + 8 + size)]));
}
const stage = document.getElementById('stage');
const loader = document.getElementById('loader');
const barfill= document.getElementById('barfill');
const pctEl = document.getElementById('pct');
const reduced = matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;
/* ---------- renderer ---------- */
const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias:true, powerPreference:'high-performance' });
renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(devicePixelRatio, 2));
renderer.setSize(innerWidth, innerHeight);
renderer.toneMapping = THREE.ACESFilmicToneMapping;
renderer.toneMappingExposure = MM.exposure;
stage.appendChild(renderer.domElement);
const scene = new THREE.Scene();
let post = null;
/* Blender camera: loc (0.2, -10.5, 0.6), 34 mm on a 36 mm sensor.
glTF is Y-up, so Blender (x,y,z) -> three (x, z, -y). */
const CAM_HOME = new THREE.Vector3(1.1, -0.679, 9.4);
const TARGET = new THREE.Vector3(-0.4, -1.587, -1.8);
const H_FOV = 61.93; // degrees, from the 30 mm lens
const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(35, innerWidth/innerHeight, 0.1, 400);
camera.position.copy(CAM_HOME);
camera.lookAt(TARGET);
/* keep the Blender framing whatever the window aspect is: hold horizontal FOV,
derive vertical, and never let a tall phone crop the branch out of frame */
post = makePost(renderer, scene, camera, {
/* keyed high and weak: bloom should catch only the shaft cores, not
halo the moss and swallow the headline */
bloomStrength: MM.bloom_strength, bloomRadius: MM.bloom_radius, bloomThreshold: MM.bloom_threshold,
contrast: MM.contrast, saturation: MM.saturation, lift: 0.010, vignette: MM.vignette, warm: MM.warm,
});
function applyFov(){
const aspect = innerWidth / innerHeight;
const hRad = THREE.MathUtils.degToRad(H_FOV);
const vRad = 2 * Math.atan(Math.tan(hRad/2) / Math.max(aspect, 0.62));
camera.fov = THREE.MathUtils.radToDeg(vRad);
camera.aspect = aspect;
camera.updateProjectionMatrix();
}
applyFov();
/* a little directional shaping on top of the environment */
const key = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffe9c4, MM.key_light);
key.position.set(4, 6, -4);
scene.add(key);
const fill = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xbcd3e8, MM.fill_light);
fill.position.set(-5, 3, 5);
scene.add(fill);
/* Overcast sky is a DOME of light, not a direction. Without this, anything seen
against the sky — every branch and every canopy leaf — has no light on the
camera side at all and renders as a black stick. A hemisphere light fills
upward-facing surfaces with sky and downward ones with bounced ground. */
const hemi = new THREE.HemisphereLight(0x9fb4a4, 0x3f4a33, MM.sky_light);
scene.add(hemi);
/* ---------- loading ---------- */
let envDone = false, modelDone = false;
let envPct = 0, modelPct = 0;
function progress(){
const p = Math.round(envPct * 0.32 + modelPct * 0.68);
barfill.style.width = p + '%';
pctEl.textContent = p + '%';
if (envDone && modelDone){
loader.classList.add('done');
WRAP.classList.add('ready');
setTimeout(measureLead, 1800);
setTimeout(() => loader.remove(), 800);
}
}
const pmrem = new THREE.PMREMGenerator(renderer);
pmrem.compileEquirectangularShader();
/* WordPress refuses .hdr uploads, so the HDR's exact bytes ride inside a .glb
container in the media library (BIN chunk = the untouched .hdr file). They are
unwrapped here and handed to the same RGBELoader through a blob URL. */
loadHdrCarrier('https://demo.uichemy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/understory-forest-hdr.glb', (pct) => { envPct = pct; progress(); }).then((hdrUrl) => new RGBELoader().load(hdrUrl,
(hdr) => {
const env = pmrem.fromEquirectangular(hdr).texture;
scene.environment = env;
scene.environmentIntensity = MM.env_intensity; // lighting only
scene.background = null; // the sky dome draws it instead
/* pushed out so the mid-ground is crisp; haze now comes from the mist bank
and the grade, not from fog eating everything past 8 m */
scene.fog = new THREE.Fog(0x36433b, MM.fog_near, MM.fog_far);
hdr.dispose(); pmrem.dispose();
envDone = true; envPct = 100; progress();
},
(e) => { if (e.total) { envPct = e.loaded/e.total*100; progress(); } },
(err) => { console.error('HDR failed', err); envDone = true; envPct = 100; progress(); }
)).catch((err) => { console.error('HDR failed', err); envDone = true; envPct = 100; progress(); });
let model = null, fur = null, trunkFur = null, branchFur = null, groundFur = null, dust = null, flies = null;
let shafts = null, mist = null, motes = null, sky = null;
const gltfLoader = new GLTFLoader();
gltfLoader.setMeshoptDecoder(MeshoptDecoder); // EXT_meshopt_compression
gltfLoader.load('https://demo.uichemy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/understory-jungle.glb',
(gltf) => {
model = gltf.scene;
/* the export carries Blender's camera and lights as empty nodes — drop them */
[...model.children].forEach(o => {
if (o.isCamera || o.isLight || /^(Camera|Area)/.test(o.name)) model.remove(o);
});
model.traverse(o => {
if (!o.isMesh) return;
o.frustumCulled = true;
const m = o.material;
if (!m) return;
m.envMapIntensity = 1.0;
/* every frond, leaflet, vine leaf and litter flake is a single flat quad —
without DoubleSide roughly half of them render as holes */
/* Bark at 0.075 was fine against a black backdrop; against the sky it is
a black stick. Lifted, and warmed, so the branches read as wood. */
if (/J_Bark/.test(m.name)) { m.color.setRGB(0.225, 0.163, 0.108); m.roughness = 0.86; }
/* The floor read as pale grey-lilac rather than soil. Dark, warm and
fully rough is what damp leaf-mould actually is; the pale version was
the flat export colour surviving a 1.85 exposure untouched. */
if (/J_Ground/.test(m.name)) { m.color.setRGB(0.052, 0.033, 0.021); m.roughness = 1.0; }
if (/J_Litter/.test(m.name)) { m.color.setRGB(0.070, 0.046, 0.026); m.roughness = 1.0; }
if (/J_(Frond|LeafBroad|Vine|Litter|Fungus)/.test(m.name)) {
m.side = THREE.DoubleSide;
m.roughness = 0.62;
}
/* Wind has to be per-MESH, not per-material: Canopy, BroadLeaves and
OverhangLeaves all share J_LeafBroad but live at completely different
heights, and one shared `base` would either freeze the canopy or tear
the ground plants off their roots. */
/* One dial for the whole scene — raise WIND_SCALE for more, drop it for less.
Wood is deliberately absent: Branches and Overhang are NOT in this table,
because a visibly bending branch is what made it look rubbery. Only soft
things move, and only just enough to stop the frame looking like a photo. */
const WIND_SCALE = MM.wind_scale;
const W = {
Ferns : { amp: 0.050, freq: 1.35, base: -3.0, span: 1.5 },
BroadLeaves : { amp: 0.055, freq: 1.05, base: -3.0, span: 2.0 },
Vines : { amp: 0.080, freq: 0.62, base: 9.0, span: -6.0 },
Canopy : { amp: 0.070, freq: 0.50, base: 1.5, span: 7.0 },
OverhangLeaves : { amp: 0.065, freq: 0.58, base: 0.5, span: 3.5 },
}[o.name.replace(/\.\d+$/, '')];
if (W){ W.amp *= WIND_SCALE; W.gust = 0; } // gust off: a steady, quiet sway
if (W){ o.material = m.clone(); applyWind(o.material, W); }
/* Surface detail. Everything exported as ONE flat colour per material,
which is exactly why it reads as a Blender viewport. Two bands of
world-space noise break that up, and leaves additionally get back-light
bleed — a leaf with the sun behind it glows, and nothing else in a render
says "jungle photograph" as fast. */
const D = {
J_Frond : { strength: 0.40, warm: 0.55, translucency: 1.15, highFreq: 3.4, contact: 0.45, contactSpan: 0.8 },
J_LeafBroad: { strength: 0.38, warm: 0.60, translucency: 1.45, highFreq: 2.2, contact: 0.30, contactSpan: 1.0 },
J_Vine : { strength: 0.34, warm: 0.45, translucency: 0.70, highFreq: 3.0 },
J_Fungus : { strength: 0.30, warm: 0.30, translucency: 0.55, highFreq: 4.0, contact: 0.40 },
J_Moss : { strength: 0.32, warm: 0.28, grain: 0.22, highFreq: 3.2, contact: 0.50, contactSpan: 1.6 },
J_Bark : { strength: 0.30, warm: 0.20, grain: 0.42, lowFreq: 0.5, highFreq: 5.0, contact: 0.45, contactSpan: 1.9, translucency: 0.10 },
J_Ground : { strength: 0.42, warm: 0.22, grain: 0.85, lowFreq: 0.30, highFreq: 5.5 },
J_Litter : { strength: 0.34, warm: 0.40, grain: 0.35, highFreq: 5.0 },
J_Rock : { strength: 0.24, warm: 0.08, grain: 0.40, highFreq: 4.0, contact: 0.55, contactSpan: 0.7 },
}[m.name];
if (D) addSurfaceDetail(o.material, D);
});
scene.add(model);
/* ---- moss as geometry, not as a tint ----
A smooth tube with a green vertex colour reads as painted plastic however
good the ramp is. What makes the reference look real is a fuzzy silhouette:
tens of thousands of instanced strands standing off the surface, catching a
rim light. Scatter them over the branch and the rocks. */
const furHosts = [];
const near = new THREE.Vector3();
model.traverse(o => {
/* by NAME, not material: trunks 8-11 use J_Bark and were being skipped
entirely, which is why the far trees stayed bare cylinders */
const mossy = /J_Moss/.test(o.material?.name || '') || /^(Trunk|Buttress)/.test(o.name);
if (!(o.isMesh && mossy)) return;
/* the substrate is what shows between strands — it has to read as damp
shadow, not as a pale pipe */
o.material.color.setRGB(0.055, 0.085, 0.048);
o.material.roughness = 0.95;
/* only fur what the camera can actually resolve. Distant trunks eat the
strand budget and the fog hides them anyway. */
/* Measure to the BASE, not the bounding-sphere centre: on a 60 m trunk the
centre sits 30 m in the air and reads as "far", which silently excluded
the back five trees from the moss pass entirely. */
o.geometry.computeBoundingBox();
const bb = o.geometry.boundingBox.clone().applyMatrix4(o.matrixWorld);
near.set((bb.min.x + bb.max.x) * 0.5, bb.min.y, (bb.min.z + bb.max.z) * 0.5);
if (near.distanceTo(CAM_HOME) < 60) furHosts.push(o);
});
/* Two passes, not one. A single shared budget meant the log (~87 m2) competed
with eight trunks (~110 m2 each) and lost — the measured result was 360
strands/m2 on the hero object, which is a sheen, not moss. Splitting them
lets the log carry an order of magnitude more without inflating the total. */
const logHosts = furHosts.filter(o => /HeroLog|LogLimb|Rock/.test(o.name));
const trunkHosts = furHosts.filter(o => /Trunk/.test(o.name));
const MOSS = {
upBias: 0.42, curl: 0.60, droop: 0.42,
clump: { freq: 2.3, contrast: 2.6 },
root: [0.040, 0.098, 0.026], tip: [0.235, 0.430, 0.106], rim: [0.15, 0.24, 0.075],
fogColor: [0.085,0.140,0.115], fogNear: 8.0, fogFar: 52.0,
};
if (logHosts.length){
/* The log's top faces up and the camera looks down on it, so strands that
stand straight up are seen end-on and read as nothing. Splaying them
over presents the leaf FACES to the camera, which is why the vertical
trunks looked mossy while the horizontal log did not. */
fur = makeFur(logHosts, { ...MOSS, density: 4200, maxCount: 140000,
/* 0.95 splayed so far that strands hung past the log's lower edge and
the rim light turned them into a neon strip. 0.62 still presents the
leaf faces without the fringe. */
/* Diagnosed by hiding the log mesh: the moss was there and dense, but
standing perpendicular to an up-facing surface it projects to almost
nothing from this camera, so the substrate showed straight through.
Laying it over is what makes it read. The earlier neon fringe came
from the RIM light on strands hanging past the silhouette, so that is
dialled right down rather than the droop. */
length: 0.125, width: 0.068, droop: 0.30, curl: 0.95, lay: 0.72,
rim: [0.10, 0.16, 0.05] });
scene.add(fur);
}
if (trunkHosts.length){
/* Moss on all 12 trunks + the buttress roots. The previous attempt read as
spiky hair because the strands were long (0.125) and only half laid over
(lay 0.45), so they stood out sideways from a vertical surface. Moss on
bark is a SKIN: very short, fine, and laid almost flat against it, so
lay goes to 0.82 and the length drops by more than half. */
trunkFur = makeFur(trunkHosts, { ...MOSS, density: 6400, maxCount: 360000,
/* Thicker coat per the reference: longer and wider so it builds depth
rather than sitting flat as speckle. lay stays high (0.76) — that is
what keeps it a coat and not the spiky hair of the earlier attempt,
which was long AND standing off the bark at lay 0.45. */
/* bigger tufts to match the reference's chunky cushions; safe to grow
because lay is high, so length builds depth against the bark rather
than sticking out from it */
length: 0.135, width: 0.068, segs: 4,
droop: 0.26, curl: 0.80, lay: 0.76, upBias: 0.30,
tip: [0.245, 0.445, 0.112], root: [0.044, 0.104, 0.028],
focus: { point: new THREE.Vector3(0.6, -0.9, 3.5), radius: 46.0, falloff: 1.25 } });
scene.add(trunkFur);
}
/* Branches: the limbs were bare smooth tubes next to mossy trunks, which is
what made them read as pipes. Same moss skin, own budget so the trunks keep
theirs, focused toward the lens because most limbs are far overhead. */
const branchHosts = [];
model.traverse(o => { if (o.isMesh && /^(Branches|Overhang|LogLimb)$/.test(o.name.replace(/\d+$/, ''))) branchHosts.push(o); });
if (branchHosts.length){
branchFur = makeFur(branchHosts, { ...MOSS, density: 5200, maxCount: 150000,
length: 0.075, width: 0.042, segs: 3,
droop: 0.30, curl: 0.80, lay: 0.78, upBias: 0.62,
tip: [0.245, 0.445, 0.112], root: [0.044, 0.104, 0.028],
focus: { point: new THREE.Vector3(0.6, 4.0, 3.5), radius: 40.0, falloff: 1.4 } });
scene.add(branchFur);
}
/* Ground cover. The floor was a swept plane with a colour on it — perfectly
smooth, so it read as a render however good the shading got. The plane is
46 m across, so the budget is focused into the 15 m the lens can resolve. */
const groundMesh = [];
model.traverse(o => { if (o.isMesh && /J_Ground/.test(o.material?.name || '')) groundMesh.push(o); });
if (groundMesh.length){
groundFur = makeFur(groundMesh, {
/* Two rounds of tuning here. 120k sub-pixel strands aliased into grey
static; the fix was not more of them but FEWER and WIDER, each one
covering more than a pixel. The second problem was contrast — dark
blades on lighter soil read as confetti, so the colours now sit close
to the ground's own value and the rim is nearly off. Blending into the
surface is the point; it should read as texture, not as objects. */
/* At this grazing camera angle tall blades mass into a dark band across
the frame however they are coloured. A forest floor is low anyway —
moss and litter, not grass — so keep it hugging the ground. */
density: 130, maxCount: 22000, length: 0.085, width: 0.044, lay: 0.78,
upBias: 0.95, droop: 0.95, sway: 0.14, curl: 1.10,
clump: { freq: 0.55, contrast: 2.8, bald: 0.55 },
focus: { point: new THREE.Vector3(0.4, -2.6, 2.0), radius: 14.0, falloff: 1.7 },
/* re-tuned after the brightness lift: against a lighter floor the old
dark roots read as black bristles. These sit just above the soil's
own value so the cover blends instead of spiking out of it. */
root: [0.070, 0.082, 0.040], tip: [0.20, 0.30, 0.095], rim: [0.10, 0.15, 0.05],
fogColor: [0.105,0.135,0.112], fogNear: 14.0, fogFar: 78.0,
});
scene.add(groundFur);
}
/* airborne dust — cheap, and it does a lot for depth */
const N = 1100, dp = new Float32Array(N*3);
for (let i = 0; i < N; i++){
dp[i*3] = (Math.random()-0.5) * 34;
dp[i*3+1] = Math.random() * 11 - 3.0;
dp[i*3+2] = (Math.random()-0.5) * 40;
}
const dg = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
dg.setAttribute('position', new THREE.BufferAttribute(dp, 3));
dust = new THREE.Points(dg, new THREE.PointsMaterial({
size: 0.028, color: 0xcfe0bb, transparent: true, opacity: 0.5,
depthWrite: false, blending: THREE.AdditiveBlending, fog: true,
}));
scene.add(dust);
sky = makeSky({ horizon: [0.30, 0.365, 0.315],
zenith: [0.058, 0.090, 0.082],
cloud: [0.42, 0.475, 0.425],
amount: 0.8, cover: 0.16 });
scene.add(sky);
shafts = makeShafts(); scene.add(shafts);
SHAFT_BASE.copy(shafts.material.uniforms.uColor.value);
/* Mist slabs are horizontal planes; any sitting near the camera's own
height (-0.68) are seen edge-on and smear a pale band right across the
floor — which is what was bleaching the soil. Lift the bank above the
lens so it hazes the trees and leaves the ground alone. */
mist = makeMist({ count: 8, y: [0.9, 5.0], area: 36, size: [16, 30],
opacity: MM.mist_opacity, color: [0.62, 0.72, 0.64] });
scene.add(mist);
motes = makeMotes(); scene.add(motes);
flies = makeButterflies({
count: MM.butterflies,
bounds: { x:[-5.0, 5.0], y:[-0.35, 1.5], z:[-2.5, 3.0] },
size: [0.11, 0.16],
palette: [
[1.00, 0.40, 0.04], // monarch orange
[0.06, 0.42, 1.00], // morpho blue
[1.00, 0.82, 0.06], // lemon
[0.95, 0.16, 0.60], // magenta
[0.08, 0.80, 0.42], // emerald
[0.92, 0.10, 0.08], // scarlet
],
speed: MM.butterfly_speed,
beat: MM.butterfly_beat,
});
scene.add(flies);
pickAnchor();
window.__app = { post, scene, camera, renderer, model, fur, trunkFur, branchFur, groundFur, flies, sky, shafts, mist, motes }; // handle for inspection
modelDone = true; modelPct = 100; progress();
},
(e) => { if (e.total) { modelPct = e.loaded/e.total*100; progress(); } },
(err) => {
console.error('GLB failed', err);
loader.querySelector('.pct').textContent = 'scene failed to load';
modelDone = true; modelPct = 100;
}
);
/* ---------- interaction ---------- */
const pointer = { x:0, y:0, tx:0, ty:0 };
addEventListener('pointermove', (e) => {
pointer.tx = (e.clientX / innerWidth - 0.5) * 2;
pointer.ty = (e.clientY / innerHeight - 0.5) * 2;
}, { passive:true });
let scrollN = 0;
function readScroll(){
const max = Math.max(1, document.body.scrollHeight - innerHeight);
scrollN = Math.min(1, scrollY / max);
}
addEventListener('scroll', readScroll, { passive:true });
addEventListener('resize', () => {
renderer.setSize(innerWidth, innerHeight);
renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(devicePixelRatio, 2));
if (post){ post.composer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(devicePixelRatio, 1.5));
post.composer.setSize(innerWidth, innerHeight); }
applyFov();
readScroll();
});
readScroll();
const specimen = document.getElementById('specimen');
const anchor = new THREE.Vector3(); let hasAnchor = false;
const _p = new THREE.Vector3();
function pickAnchor(){
/* choose the log vertex that projects closest to a clear patch of screen,
preferring the TOP of the log so the pin sits on the moss, not underneath */
let log = null; model.traverse(o => { if (o.isMesh && o.name.startsWith('HeroLog')) log = o; });
if (!log) return;
camera.updateMatrixWorld();
const pos = log.geometry.attributes.position, target = { x: 0.66, y: 0.40 };
let best = 1e9;
for (let i = 0; i < pos.count; i += 3){
_p.fromBufferAttribute(pos, i).applyMatrix4(log.matrixWorld);
const w = _p.clone(); _p.project(camera);
if (_p.z > 1) continue;
const sx = _p.x * 0.5 + 0.5, sy = -_p.y * 0.5 + 0.5;
const dist = Math.hypot(sx - target.x, sy - target.y) - w.y * 0.004;
if (dist < best){ best = dist; anchor.copy(w); }
}
hasAnchor = true;
}
function updateSpecimen(){
if (!hasAnchor || innerWidth <= 900){ specimen.classList.add('off'); return; }
_p.copy(anchor).project(camera);
const x = (_p.x * 0.5 + 0.5) * innerWidth, y = (-_p.y * 0.5 + 0.5) * innerHeight;
const visible = _p.z < 1 && x > 60 && x < innerWidth - 60 && y > 160 && y < innerHeight - 60;
const flip = x > innerWidth - 380;
specimen.classList.toggle('flip', flip);
specimen.classList.toggle('off', !visible || !WRAP.classList.contains('ready'));
specimen.style.transform = `translate3d(${x.toFixed(1)}px, ${y.toFixed(1)}px, 0)`;
/* keep the tag clear of the headline block: if it would overlap, lift it and
stretch the leader line to match, rather than letting it sit on the copy */
const tagLeft = flip ? x - 118 - 214 : x + 118, tagRight = tagLeft + 214;
let lift = 0;
if (tagLeft < leadBox.right && tagRight > leadBox.left){
const tagBottom = y - 126 + TAG_H;
lift = Math.max(0, tagBottom - (leadBox.top - 14));
}
lift = Math.round(lift);
if (lift !== lastLift){
lastLift = lift;
specimen.querySelector('.tag').style.top = (-126 - lift) + 'px';
const h = 96 + lift;
leadSvg.style.top = (-h) + 'px'; leadSvg.style.height = h + 'px';
leadSvg.setAttribute('viewBox', `0 0 118 ${h}`);
leadPath.setAttribute('d', `M0 ${h} L46 30 L118 30`);
}
}
const leadSvg = specimen.querySelector('.lead-line');
const leadPath = specimen.querySelector('.lead-line path');
let TAG_H = 110;
let lastLift = -1, leadBox = { left:0, right:0, top:1e9 };
function measureLead(){
const el = document.querySelector('.lead h1'), eb = document.querySelector('.eyebrow');
const r1 = el.getBoundingClientRect(), r2 = eb.getBoundingClientRect();
leadBox = { left: Math.min(r1.left, r2.left), right: Math.max(r1.right, r2.right), top: Math.min(r1.top, r2.top) };
/* the tag's real height depends on the loaded webfont, so measure it */
const th = specimen.querySelector('.tag').offsetHeight;
if (th > 0) TAG_H = th;
lastLift = -1;
}
addEventListener('resize', measureLead);
document.fonts?.ready.then(measureLead);
measureLead();
/* ---------- frame loop ---------- */
const camPos = CAM_HOME.clone();
const look = TARGET.clone();
const clock = new THREE.Clock();
let t = 0;
/* Weather you can only see behind the trees is scenery. What makes overcast read
as real is the light CHANGING as cloud passes overhead — the forest dims, the
shafts fade, then it opens up again. Same lazy frequencies as the sky's own
drift so they belong to one system. */
const SHAFT_BASE = new THREE.Vector3();
const HEMI_BASE = hemi.intensity;
const KEY_BASE = key.intensity;
const FILL_BASE = fill.intensity;
const ENV_BASE = MM.env_intensity;
function cloudCover(time){
const a = Math.sin(time * 0.043) * 0.5 + 0.5;
const b = Math.sin(time * 0.017 + 2.1) * 0.5 + 0.5;
const c = Math.sin(time * 0.089 + 4.7) * 0.5 + 0.5;
return a * 0.5 + b * 0.35 + c * 0.15; // 0 = clear, 1 = thick
}
renderer.setAnimationLoop(() => {
/* getDelta() must come first — getElapsedTime() consumes the delta internally
and would leave dt at ~0, freezing every eased value below */
const dt = Math.min(clock.getDelta(), 0.05);
t += dt;
/* how quickly the camera chases the cursor. Higher base = slower, lazier
follow. 0.0015 snapped almost instantly and felt twitchy. */
const ease = 1 - Math.pow(MM.cursor_follow, dt);
pointer.x += (pointer.tx - pointer.x) * ease;
pointer.y += (pointer.ty - pointer.y) * ease;
/* scroll pushes the camera in past the branch and lifts it slightly */
const dolly = scrollN * 6.2;
const rise = scrollN * 1.5;
/* idle drift so the shot is never completely still */
const driftX = reduced ? 0 : Math.sin(t * 0.21) * MM.drift_x;
const driftY = reduced ? 0 : Math.cos(t * 0.17) * MM.drift_y;
/* pointer.y is +1 at the BOTTOM of the window, so pushing the cursor down
raises the look target and swings the shot up into the trees. The camera
itself barely moves — tilting the target is what reads as "looking up". */
const px = reduced ? 0 : pointer.x * MM.pan_x;
const py = reduced ? 0 : -pointer.y * MM.pan_y;
const tilt = reduced ? 0 : pointer.y;
camPos.set(
CAM_HOME.x + px + driftX,
CAM_HOME.y + py + driftY + rise,
CAM_HOME.z - dolly
);
/* dt-based so the feel is identical at 60 and 120 Hz */
camera.position.lerp(camPos, 1 - Math.pow(MM.camera_follow, dt));
/* asymmetric on purpose: pushing the cursor DOWN swings a long way up into the
canopy, but pushing it up only dips slightly — a full downward rotation just
stares at the litter and throws the log out of frame */
const eased = tilt * (0.55 + 0.45 * Math.abs(tilt));
const lift = eased * (tilt > 0 ? MM.look_up : MM.look_down);
look.set(
TARGET.x + (reduced ? 0 : pointer.x * MM.look_x),
TARGET.y + rise * 0.55 + lift,
TARGET.z
);
camera.lookAt(look);
if (fur) fur.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
if (trunkFur) trunkFur.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
if (branchFur) branchFur.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
if (groundFur) groundFur.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
if (flies) flies.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
/* one cover value drives the sun, the fill, the ambient and the shafts, so
the whole scene breathes together instead of each part drifting alone */
const cover = cloudCover(t);
key.intensity = KEY_BASE * (1.30 - cover * 0.85);
fill.intensity = FILL_BASE * (0.85 + cover * 0.45); // overcast lifts ambient
scene.environmentIntensity = ENV_BASE * (0.88 + cover * 0.30);
hemi.intensity = HEMI_BASE * (0.82 + cover * 0.42); // cloud = more sky fill
/* shafts are direct sun: they fade out under cloud and return when it clears */
if (shafts) shafts.material.uniforms.uColor.value
.copy(SHAFT_BASE).multiplyScalar(1.35 - cover * 1.15);
if (sky){ sky.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t; sky.position.copy(camera.position); }
if (shafts) shafts.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
if (mist) mist.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
if (motes) motes.material.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
tickWind(t);
if (dust) dust.rotation.y = t * MM.dust_spin;
updateSpecimen();
post ? post.composer.render() : renderer.render(scene, camera);
});
/* a hidden tab already gets no rAF callbacks, so there is nothing to pause;
never reload here — embedded preview panes report document.hidden and would
reload in a loop */
````
### code file `understory-atmosphere.js`
````js
/* Atmosphere — the three things that turn a lit model into a place:
light shafts falling through the canopy, mist lying in the hollows, and
glowing motes drifting in the beams. All additive, all shader-driven. */
import * as THREE from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js';
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------ shafts */
const SHAFT_VERT = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
attribute vec4 aRoot; // xyz top of the shaft, w length
attribute vec4 aParam; // x width, y phase, z tilt, w brightness
varying vec2 vUv;
varying float vBright, vPhase;
uniform vec3 uDir;
void main(){
vUv = uv; vBright = aParam.w; vPhase = aParam.y;
vec3 axis = normalize(uDir + vec3(aParam.z, 0.0, aParam.z * 0.6));
vec3 top = aRoot.xyz;
vec3 p = top + axis * (uv.y * aRoot.w);
/* billboard the slab around its own axis so it always presents its face */
vec3 toEye = normalize(cameraPosition - p);
vec3 wide = normalize(cross(axis, toEye));
/* the cone widens as it falls */
p += wide * (position.x * aParam.x * (0.45 + uv.y * 1.25));
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * vec4(p, 1.0);
}`;
const SHAFT_FRAG = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
varying vec2 vUv;
varying float vBright, vPhase;
uniform vec3 uColor;
uniform float uTime;
void main(){
/* soft across the width, fading in at the canopy and out before the floor */
float across = 1.0 - abs(vUv.x - 0.5) * 2.0;
across = pow(smoothstep(0.0, 1.0, across), 1.8);
float along = smoothstep(0.0, 0.14, vUv.y) * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.52, 1.0, vUv.y));
/* leaves moving overhead make the beam breathe */
float flick = 0.68 + 0.32 * sin(uTime * 0.5 + vPhase) * sin(uTime * 0.23 + vPhase * 2.1);
gl_FragColor = vec4(uColor * vBright * across * along * flick, 1.0);
}`;
export function makeShafts({
count = 7,
from = [-3, 7.5, -5], spread = [17, 2.5, 15],
dir = [0.30, -1.0, 0.42],
length = [11, 17], width = [0.75, 2.1], bright = [0.16, 0.34],
color = [0.78, 0.86, 0.62],
} = {}){
const quad = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(1, 1, 1, 1);
quad.translate(0, 0.5, 0); // pivot at the top edge
const g = new THREE.InstancedBufferGeometry();
g.index = quad.index;
g.setAttribute('position', quad.attributes.position);
g.setAttribute('uv', quad.attributes.uv);
const root = new Float32Array(count*4), par = new Float32Array(count*4);
const R = (a,b) => a + Math.random()*(b-a);
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++){
root[i*4] = from[0] + (Math.random()-0.5)*spread[0];
root[i*4+1] = from[1] + (Math.random()-0.5)*spread[1];
root[i*4+2] = from[2] + (Math.random()-0.5)*spread[2];
root[i*4+3] = R(...length);
par[i*4] = R(...width);
par[i*4+1] = Math.random()*6.283;
par[i*4+2] = R(-0.12, 0.12);
par[i*4+3] = R(...bright);
}
g.setAttribute('aRoot', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(root, 4));
g.setAttribute('aParam', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(par, 4));
g.instanceCount = count;
g.boundingSphere = new THREE.Sphere(new THREE.Vector3(), 90);
const m = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
vertexShader: SHAFT_VERT, fragmentShader: SHAFT_FRAG,
uniforms: { uTime:{value:0}, uColor:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...color)},
uDir:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...dir).normalize()} },
transparent: true, blending: THREE.AdditiveBlending,
depthWrite: false, depthTest: true, side: THREE.DoubleSide,
});
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(g, m);
mesh.frustumCulled = false; mesh.renderOrder = 6;
return mesh;
}
/* -------------------------------------------------------------------- mist */
const MIST_VERT = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
attribute vec4 aSlab; // xyz centre, w size
attribute vec2 aPhase;
varying vec2 vUv;
varying float vPhase, vFade;
uniform float uTime;
void main(){
vUv = uv; vPhase = aPhase.x;
vec3 c = aSlab.xyz;
c.x += sin(uTime * 0.035 + aPhase.x) * 3.2; // the bank drifts
c.z += cos(uTime * 0.028 + aPhase.y) * 2.4;
vec3 p = c + vec3(position.x, 0.0, position.y) * aSlab.w;
/* nearly edge-on to the camera it would vanish, so fade it out there */
vFade = 1.0;
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * vec4(p, 1.0);
}`;
const MIST_FRAG = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
varying vec2 vUv; varying float vPhase, vFade;
uniform float uTime, uOpacity;
uniform vec3 uColor;
float h(vec2 p){ return fract(sin(dot(p, vec2(127.1,311.7))) * 43758.5453); }
float n2(vec2 p){
vec2 i = floor(p), f = fract(p); vec2 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f);
return mix(mix(h(i), h(i+vec2(1,0)), u.x), mix(h(i+vec2(0,1)), h(i+vec2(1,1)), u.x), u.y);
}
void main(){
vec2 uv = vUv * 3.0;
float t = uTime * 0.045 + vPhase;
float f = n2(uv + vec2(t, t*0.6)) * 0.55
+ n2(uv*2.3 - vec2(t*1.4, t)) * 0.30
+ n2(uv*4.7 + vec2(t*0.7, -t*1.1)) * 0.15;
/* round the slab off so it has no visible rectangular edge */
float r = 1.0 - smoothstep(0.30, 0.5, length(vUv - 0.5));
float a = smoothstep(0.28, 0.80, f) * r * uOpacity * vFade;
gl_FragColor = vec4(uColor, a);
}`;
export function makeMist({
count = 11, y = [-2.6, 0.3], area = 28, size = [10, 19],
color = [0.52, 0.62, 0.55], opacity = 0.26,
} = {}){
const quad = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(1, 1, 1, 1);
const g = new THREE.InstancedBufferGeometry();
g.index = quad.index;
g.setAttribute('position', quad.attributes.position);
g.setAttribute('uv', quad.attributes.uv);
const slab = new Float32Array(count*4), ph = new Float32Array(count*2);
const R = (a,b) => a + Math.random()*(b-a);
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++){
slab[i*4] = (Math.random()-0.5)*area;
slab[i*4+1] = R(...y);
slab[i*4+2] = (Math.random()-0.5)*area - 2.0;
slab[i*4+3] = R(...size);
ph[i*2] = Math.random()*6.283; ph[i*2+1] = Math.random()*6.283;
}
g.setAttribute('aSlab', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(slab, 4));
g.setAttribute('aPhase', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(ph, 2));
g.instanceCount = count;
g.boundingSphere = new THREE.Sphere(new THREE.Vector3(), 90);
const m = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
vertexShader: MIST_VERT, fragmentShader: MIST_FRAG,
uniforms: { uTime:{value:0}, uOpacity:{value:opacity},
uColor:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...color)} },
transparent: true, depthWrite: false, side: THREE.DoubleSide,
});
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(g, m);
mesh.frustumCulled = false; mesh.renderOrder = 5;
return mesh;
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------- motes */
const MOTE_VERT = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
attribute vec3 aHome; attribute vec4 aSeed;
varying float vPulse, vWarm;
uniform float uTime, uSize;
void main(){
float t = uTime;
vec3 p = aHome + vec3(
sin(t * (0.10 + aSeed.x*0.14) + aSeed.y*6.283) * (1.6 + aSeed.z),
sin(t * (0.07 + aSeed.y*0.10) + aSeed.z*6.283) * (0.9 + aSeed.x*0.7),
cos(t * (0.09 + aSeed.z*0.12) + aSeed.x*6.283) * (1.8 + aSeed.y)
);
/* slow uneven pulse — a steady blink reads as an LED, not an insect */
float b = sin(t*(0.7+aSeed.w) + aSeed.x*6.283) * sin(t*(0.31+aSeed.y*0.4) + aSeed.z*6.283);
vPulse = smoothstep(-0.25, 0.95, b);
vWarm = aSeed.w;
vec4 mv = viewMatrix * vec4(p, 1.0);
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * mv;
gl_PointSize = uSize * (0.5 + aSeed.z) * (300.0 / max(1.0, -mv.z)) * (0.45 + vPulse);
}`;
const MOTE_FRAG = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
varying float vPulse, vWarm;
uniform vec3 uCool, uWarm;
void main(){
float d = length(gl_PointCoord - 0.5);
if (d > 0.5) discard;
float core = pow(1.0 - d*2.0, 2.6);
vec3 c = mix(uCool, uWarm, vWarm);
gl_FragColor = vec4(c * core * vPulse, 1.0);
}`;
export function makeMotes({
count = 90, area = [22, 5.5, 22], yBase = -2.2, size = 0.055,
cool = [0.55, 0.78, 0.62], warm = [1.0, 0.82, 0.38],
} = {}){
const g = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
const home = new Float32Array(count*3), seed = new Float32Array(count*4);
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++){
home[i*3] = (Math.random()-0.5)*area[0];
home[i*3+1] = yBase + Math.random()*area[1];
home[i*3+2] = (Math.random()-0.5)*area[2] - 1.0;
for (let k = 0; k < 4; k++) seed[i*4+k] = Math.random();
}
g.setAttribute('position', new THREE.BufferAttribute(new Float32Array(count*3), 3));
g.setAttribute('aHome', new THREE.BufferAttribute(home, 3));
g.setAttribute('aSeed', new THREE.BufferAttribute(seed, 4));
g.boundingSphere = new THREE.Sphere(new THREE.Vector3(), 90);
const m = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
vertexShader: MOTE_VERT, fragmentShader: MOTE_FRAG,
uniforms: { uTime:{value:0}, uSize:{value:size},
uCool:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...cool)},
uWarm:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...warm)} },
transparent: true, blending: THREE.AdditiveBlending, depthWrite: false,
});
const pts = new THREE.Points(g, m);
pts.frustumCulled = false; pts.renderOrder = 7;
return pts;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- sky */
/* A flat scene.background reads as a dead black wall wherever the fog does not
reach. This is an inverted dome carrying a horizon gradient plus slow fbm
cloud, so the gaps between trunks show luminous overcast instead of a hole.
Fog is deliberately OFF on it — a sky that fogs into its own fog colour is
just the flat colour again. */
const SKY_VERT = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
varying vec3 vDir;
void main(){
vDir = normalize(position);
/* translate-only: the dome follows the camera so it never gets "reached" */
vec4 mv = modelViewMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * mv;
}`;
const SKY_FRAG = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
varying vec3 vDir;
uniform float uTime, uCloud, uCover;
uniform vec3 uHorizon, uZenith, uCloudCol;
float sh(vec2 p){ return fract(sin(dot(p, vec2(127.1,311.7))) * 43758.5453); }
float sn(vec2 p){
vec2 i = floor(p), f = fract(p); vec2 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f);
return mix(mix(sh(i), sh(i+vec2(1,0)), u.x), mix(sh(i+vec2(0,1)), sh(i+vec2(1,1)), u.x), u.y);
}
float fbm(vec2 p){
float v = 0.0, a = 0.5;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){ v += a * sn(p); p *= 2.03; a *= 0.5; }
return v;
}
void main(){
float h = clamp(vDir.y * 0.5 + 0.5, 0.0, 1.0);
/* bright band at the horizon is what makes a forest read as misty rather than
merely dark — the trunks then silhouette against it */
vec3 col = mix(uHorizon, uZenith, pow(h, 0.85));
/* project onto a plane so cloud does not pinch at the zenith */
vec2 uv = vDir.xz / max(0.18, abs(vDir.y) + 0.35);
float t = uTime * 0.01;
float c = fbm(uv * 1.5 + vec2(t, t * 0.6)) * 0.62
+ fbm(uv * 3.7 - vec2(t * 1.5, t)) * 0.38;
c = smoothstep(0.42 - uCover, 0.92 - uCover, c);
/* fade cloud out toward the horizon so it never sits below the treeline */
c *= smoothstep(0.04, 0.42, h);
col = mix(col, uCloudCol, c * uCloud);
gl_FragColor = vec4(col, 1.0);
}`;
export function makeSky({
radius = 260,
horizon = [0.52, 0.60, 0.53],
zenith = [0.115, 0.170, 0.150],
cloud = [0.68, 0.74, 0.68],
amount = 0.75, cover = 0.14,
} = {}){
const g = new THREE.SphereGeometry(radius, 32, 20);
const m = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
vertexShader: SKY_VERT, fragmentShader: SKY_FRAG,
side: THREE.BackSide, depthWrite: false, fog: false,
uniforms: {
uTime:{value:0}, uCloud:{value:amount}, uCover:{value:cover},
uHorizon:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...horizon)},
uZenith:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...zenith)},
uCloudCol:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...cloud)},
},
});
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(g, m);
mesh.frustumCulled = false;
mesh.renderOrder = -1; // behind everything
return mesh;
}
````
### code file `understory-butterflies.js`
````js
/* Butterflies — instanced, entirely shader-driven.
Each one carries its own wandering flight path, wing-beat phase and colour, so
the CPU does nothing per frame and the whole swarm is a single draw call.
Wings are real outlines (fore + hind, both sides) hinged on the body axis, and
the body is a crossed pair of quads so it reads from any angle. */
import * as THREE from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js';
/* right-side wing outlines, (lateral, fore-aft), body axis at x = 0 */
const FOREWING = [
[0.02, 0.10], [0.22, 0.34], [0.52, 0.44], [0.82, 0.32],
[0.98, 0.06], [0.80,-0.14], [0.45,-0.20], [0.15,-0.10],
];
const HINDWING = [
[0.02,-0.10], [0.24,-0.26], [0.50,-0.46], [0.56,-0.70],
[0.38,-0.84], [0.16,-0.66], [0.05,-0.34],
];
function butterflyGeometry(){
const pos = [], span = [], part = [], idx = [];
const push = (x, y, z, s, p) => { pos.push(x, y, z); span.push(s); part.push(p); return pos.length/3 - 1; };
/* fan-triangulate an outline from its first point, mirrored for the left wing */
const wing = (outline, mirror, partId) => {
const sgn = mirror ? -1 : 1;
const maxX = Math.max(...outline.map(p => Math.abs(p[0])));
const ring = outline.map(([x, y]) => push(x*sgn, y, 0, Math.abs(x)/maxX, partId));
for (let i = 1; i < ring.length-1; i++){
if (mirror) idx.push(ring[0], ring[i+1], ring[i]); // keep winding consistent
else idx.push(ring[0], ring[i], ring[i+1]);
}
};
wing(FOREWING, false, 0); wing(FOREWING, true, 0);
wing(HINDWING, false, 0); wing(HINDWING, true, 0);
/* body: two crossed quads so it never disappears edge-on */
const B = 0.055, L0 = 0.42, L1 = -0.52;
for (const [ax, az] of [[1,0], [0,1]]){
const a = push(-B*ax, L0, -B*az, 0, 1);
const b = push( B*ax, L0, B*az, 0, 1);
const c = push( B*ax*0.4, L1, B*az*0.4, 0, 1);
const d = push(-B*ax*0.4, L1, -B*az*0.4, 0, 1);
idx.push(a,b,c, a,c,d);
}
const g = new THREE.InstancedBufferGeometry();
g.setAttribute('position', new THREE.Float32BufferAttribute(pos, 3));
g.setAttribute('aSpan', new THREE.Float32BufferAttribute(span, 1));
g.setAttribute('aPart', new THREE.Float32BufferAttribute(part, 1));
g.setIndex(idx);
return g;
}
const VERT = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
attribute float aSpan, aPart;
attribute vec4 aSeed; // path frequencies + phases
attribute vec4 aOrigin; // xyz centre, w scale
attribute vec3 aColor;
uniform float uTime, uSpeed, uBeat;
varying vec3 vCol, vWorld;
varying float vSpan, vPart, vFlap, vFore;
void main(){
vCol = aColor; vSpan = aSpan; vPart = aPart; vFore = position.y;
float t = uTime;
vec3 C = aOrigin.xyz;
float sc = aOrigin.w;
/* a lazy 3D wander — three out-of-phase sinusoids, so it never repeats visibly */
vec3 R = vec3(2.6, 0.85, 2.2) * (0.6 + aSeed.w);
vec3 f = vec3(0.34, 0.51, 0.29) * (0.7 + aSeed.w * 0.8) * uSpeed;
vec3 ph = vec3(aSeed.x, aSeed.y, aSeed.z) * 6.2831853;
vec3 p = C + vec3(sin(t*f.x + ph.x) * R.x,
sin(t*f.y + ph.y) * R.y,
cos(t*f.z + ph.z) * R.z);
/* analytic velocity, so heading is exact instead of a frame-delta guess */
vec3 v = vec3( cos(t*f.x + ph.x) * f.x * R.x,
cos(t*f.y + ph.y) * f.y * R.y,
-sin(t*f.z + ph.z) * f.z * R.z);
vec3 fwd = normalize(v + vec3(0.0001));
vec3 rgt = normalize(cross(fwd, vec3(0.0,1.0,0.0)) + vec3(0.0,0.0,0.0001));
vec3 upv = cross(rgt, fwd);
/* bank into the turn, the way a real one does */
float bank = clamp(dot(rgt, vec3(0.0,1.0,0.0)) + v.x * 0.25, -0.8, 0.8);
rgt = normalize(rgt + upv * bank * 0.35);
upv = cross(rgt, fwd);
/* wing beat: fast, asymmetric — the down-stroke is quicker than the recovery */
float beat = t * (11.0 + aSeed.x * 7.0) * uBeat + aSeed.y * 6.2831853;
float s = sin(beat);
float flap = (s > 0.0 ? pow(s, 0.6) : -pow(-s, 1.5)) * 1.15;
vFlap = flap;
vec3 lp = position;
if (aPart < 0.5){ // wings hinge about the body axis
float c = cos(flap), sn = sin(flap);
lp = vec3(position.x * c, position.y, -abs(position.x) * sn);
}
lp *= sc;
vec3 world = p + rgt * lp.x + fwd * lp.y + upv * lp.z;
vWorld = world;
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * vec4(world, 1.0);
}`;
const FRAG = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
uniform vec3 uFogColor, uLightDir;
uniform float uFogNear, uFogFar;
varying vec3 vCol, vWorld;
varying float vSpan, vPart, vFlap, vFore;
void main(){
vec3 col;
if (vPart > 0.5){
col = vec3(0.045, 0.035, 0.030); // body: near black
} else {
/* darker at the root, bright toward the tip, with a pale outer margin */
/* Real butterfly wings are PATTERNED, not a gradient: a dark body-side base,
a saturated field, a black outer margin, and a row of pale spots inside
that margin. That margin-and-spots read is what makes them look like
insects rather than coloured paper at this size. */
col = mix(vCol * 0.22, vCol * 1.15, smoothstep(0.05, 0.42, vSpan));
float margin = smoothstep(0.74, 0.84, vSpan);
col = mix(col, vec3(0.018, 0.014, 0.012), margin);
float spotRow = smoothstep(0.80, 0.86, vSpan) * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.90, 0.96, vSpan));
float spot = spotRow * smoothstep(0.30, 0.0, abs(fract(vFore * 7.0) - 0.5));
col = mix(col, vec3(0.95, 0.93, 0.86), spot);
/* a thin dark vein line through the field */
col *= 1.0 - 0.45 * smoothstep(0.035, 0.0, abs(fract(vSpan * 3.0 + vFore * 1.3) - 0.5));
/* the wing catches light as it turns through the stroke — this flicker is
most of what makes it read as alive rather than as a moving sprite */
col *= 0.68 + 0.62 * abs(cos(vFlap));
}
float d = length(cameraPosition - vWorld);
col = mix(col, uFogColor, smoothstep(uFogNear, uFogFar, d));
gl_FragColor = vec4(col, 1.0);
}`;
export function makeButterflies(opts = {}){
const {
count = 26,
bounds = { x:[-9, 9], y:[-2.1, 1.6], z:[-6, 7] },
size = [0.16, 0.30],
speed = 1.0, beat = 1.0,
fogColor = [0.039,0.078,0.063], fogNear = 6.0, fogFar = 48.0,
palette = [
[0.30, 0.55, 0.98], // morpho blue
[0.30, 0.55, 0.98],
[0.94, 0.90, 0.74], // cream
[0.94, 0.90, 0.74],
[0.97, 0.58, 0.17], // amber
[0.68, 0.88, 0.55], // pale green
],
} = opts;
const g = butterflyGeometry();
const seed = new Float32Array(count*4);
const org = new Float32Array(count*4);
const col = new Float32Array(count*3);
const lerp = (a, b) => a + Math.random()*(b-a);
for (let i = 0; i < count; i++){
seed[i*4] = Math.random(); seed[i*4+1] = Math.random();
seed[i*4+2] = Math.random(); seed[i*4+3] = Math.random();
org[i*4] = lerp(...bounds.x);
org[i*4+1] = lerp(...bounds.y);
org[i*4+2] = lerp(...bounds.z);
org[i*4+3] = lerp(...size);
const c = palette[(Math.random()*palette.length) | 0];
col[i*3] = c[0]; col[i*3+1] = c[1]; col[i*3+2] = c[2];
}
g.setAttribute('aSeed', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(seed, 4));
g.setAttribute('aOrigin', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(org, 4));
g.setAttribute('aColor', new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(col, 3));
g.instanceCount = count;
g.boundingSphere = new THREE.Sphere(new THREE.Vector3(), 60);
const m = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
vertexShader: VERT, fragmentShader: FRAG, side: THREE.DoubleSide,
uniforms: {
uTime:{value:0},
uSpeed:{value:speed}, uBeat:{value:beat},
uFogColor:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...fogColor)},
uFogNear:{value:fogNear}, uFogFar:{value:fogFar},
uLightDir:{value:new THREE.Vector3(0.45,0.8,-0.4).normalize()},
},
});
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(g, m);
mesh.frustumCulled = false;
mesh.renderOrder = 3;
return mesh;
}
````
### code file `understory-fur.js`
````js
/* Instanced moss "fur" — the thing that separates a tinted tube from a mossy branch.
Technique matches the ThreeUI reference: thousands of tiny tapered strands scattered
over the host mesh's surface, each carrying its own surface normal and randoms, all
in one draw call. Strand ribbons billboard around their own axis so none of them
ever disappear edge-on. */
import * as THREE from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js';
/* ---- base strand: a tapered ribbon, `segs` quads long ---- */
function strandGeometry(segs = 5){
const pos = [], uv = [], idx = [];
for (let i = 0; i <= segs; i++){
const t = i / segs;
pos.push(-0.5, t, 0, 0.5, t, 0);
uv.push(0, t, 1, t);
}
for (let i = 0; i < segs; i++){
const a = i*2, b = a+1, c = a+2, d = a+3;
idx.push(a, c, b, b, c, d);
}
const g = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
g.setAttribute('position', new THREE.Float32BufferAttribute(pos, 3));
g.setAttribute('uv', new THREE.Float32BufferAttribute(uv, 2));
g.setIndex(idx);
return g;
}
/* small value noise, used to clump the scatter — a real floor is patchy, and a
perfectly even scatter is exactly what reads as procedural static */
function jh(x,y,z){ const h = Math.sin(x*127.1 + y*311.7 + z*74.7) * 43758.5453; return h - Math.floor(h); }
function jnoise(x,y,z){
const xi=Math.floor(x), yi=Math.floor(y), zi=Math.floor(z);
const xf=x-xi, yf=y-yi, zf=z-zi;
const u=xf*xf*(3-2*xf), v=yf*yf*(3-2*yf), w=zf*zf*(3-2*zf);
const L=(a,b,t)=>a+(b-a)*t;
return L(L(L(jh(xi,yi,zi),jh(xi+1,yi,zi),u), L(jh(xi,yi+1,zi),jh(xi+1,yi+1,zi),u), v),
L(L(jh(xi,yi,zi+1),jh(xi+1,yi,zi+1),u), L(jh(xi,yi+1,zi+1),jh(xi+1,yi+1,zi+1),u), v), w);
}
/* ---- area-weighted surface sampling, biased toward upward faces ---- */
function sampleSurface(mesh, count, upBias, focus, clump){
mesh.updateWorldMatrix(true, false);
const mw = mesh.matrixWorld;
const nm = new THREE.Matrix3().getNormalMatrix(mw);
const g = mesh.geometry;
const pA = g.attributes.position, nA = g.attributes.normal;
const index = g.index;
const triCount = index ? index.count/3 : pA.count/3;
const a = new THREE.Vector3(), b = new THREE.Vector3(), c = new THREE.Vector3();
const na= new THREE.Vector3(), nb= new THREE.Vector3(), nc= new THREE.Vector3();
const tri = i => index ? [index.getX(i*3), index.getX(i*3+1), index.getX(i*3+2)]
: [i*3, i*3+1, i*3+2];
/* cumulative area, weighted so upward-facing triangles get most of the moss */
const cdf = new Float32Array(triCount);
let total = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < triCount; i++){
const [i0,i1,i2] = tri(i);
a.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i0).applyMatrix4(mw);
b.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i1).applyMatrix4(mw);
c.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i2).applyMatrix4(mw);
const area = b.clone().sub(a).cross(c.clone().sub(a)).length() * 0.5;
na.fromBufferAttribute(nA,i0).applyMatrix3(nm).normalize();
const up = THREE.MathUtils.clamp((na.y + 1) * 0.5, 0, 1);
let w = area * (1 - upBias + upBias * Math.pow(up, 1.7));
if (focus){
/* fall off with distance and drop everything past the radius, so a huge
plane spends its whole strand budget in front of the lens */
const d = a.distanceTo(focus.point);
w *= d > focus.radius ? 0 : Math.pow(1 - d / focus.radius, focus.falloff ?? 1.6);
}
total += w;
cdf[i] = total;
}
const off = new Float32Array(count*3);
const nrm = new Float32Array(count*3);
const rnd = new Float32Array(count*4);
const P = new THREE.Vector3(), N = new THREE.Vector3();
for (let s = 0; s < count; s++){
/* binary search the cdf */
const r = Math.random() * total;
let lo = 0, hi = triCount-1;
while (lo < hi){ const mid = (lo+hi)>>1; if (cdf[mid] < r) lo = mid+1; else hi = mid; }
const [i0,i1,i2] = tri(lo);
a.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i0).applyMatrix4(mw);
b.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i1).applyMatrix4(mw);
c.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i2).applyMatrix4(mw);
na.fromBufferAttribute(nA,i0).applyMatrix3(nm);
nb.fromBufferAttribute(nA,i1).applyMatrix3(nm);
nc.fromBufferAttribute(nA,i2).applyMatrix3(nm);
/* uniform point in triangle */
let u = Math.random(), v = Math.random();
if (u+v > 1){ u = 1-u; v = 1-v; }
const w = 1-u-v;
P.set(a.x*w + b.x*u + c.x*v, a.y*w + b.y*u + c.y*v, a.z*w + b.z*u + c.z*v);
N.set(na.x*w + nb.x*u + nc.x*v, na.y*w + nb.y*u + nc.y*v, na.z*w + nb.z*u + nc.z*v).normalize();
off[s*3] = P.x; off[s*3+1] = P.y; off[s*3+2] = P.z;
nrm[s*3] = N.x; nrm[s*3+1] = N.y; nrm[s*3+2] = N.z;
/* Clumping by length alone still covered every square inch, and uniform
coverage is exactly what reads as static. Real ground is patchy, so reject
samples that land in a bare patch and try somewhere else. */
let cl = 1.0;
if (clump){
const f = clump.freq, bald = clump.bald ?? 0;
for (let attempt = 0; attempt < 7; attempt++){
cl = jnoise(P.x*f, P.y*f, P.z*f) * 0.7 + jnoise(P.x*f*2.7, P.y*f*2.7, P.z*f*2.7) * 0.3;
cl = Math.max(0, Math.min(1, (cl - 0.5) * clump.contrast + 0.5));
if (cl >= bald || attempt === 6) break;
/* re-roll a point on the same triangle rather than rejecting outright */
let u2 = Math.random(), v2 = Math.random();
if (u2+v2 > 1){ u2 = 1-u2; v2 = 1-v2; }
const w2 = 1-u2-v2;
P.set(a.x*w2 + b.x*u2 + c.x*v2, a.y*w2 + b.y*u2 + c.y*v2, a.z*w2 + b.z*u2 + c.z*v2);
}
off[s*3] = P.x; off[s*3+1] = P.y; off[s*3+2] = P.z;
}
rnd[s*4] = Math.random(); // spin around the normal
rnd[s*4+1] = Math.random() * (clump ? 0.30 + 1.30 * cl : 1); // length, clumped
rnd[s*4+2] = Math.random(); // sway phase
rnd[s*4+3] = clump ? cl * 0.75 + Math.random() * 0.25 : Math.random(); // colour follows the clump
}
return { off, nrm, rnd, area: total };
}
/* real triangle area, so a long thin branch is not out-budgeted by a fat rock */
function surfaceArea(mesh){
mesh.updateWorldMatrix(true, false);
const mw = mesh.matrixWorld, g = mesh.geometry;
const pA = g.attributes.position, index = g.index;
const n = index ? index.count/3 : pA.count/3;
const a = new THREE.Vector3(), b = new THREE.Vector3(), c = new THREE.Vector3();
let total = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < n; i++){
const i0 = index ? index.getX(i*3) : i*3;
const i1 = index ? index.getX(i*3+1) : i*3+1;
const i2 = index ? index.getX(i*3+2) : i*3+2;
a.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i0).applyMatrix4(mw);
b.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i1).applyMatrix4(mw);
c.fromBufferAttribute(pA,i2).applyMatrix4(mw);
total += b.clone().sub(a).cross(c.clone().sub(a)).length() * 0.5;
}
return total;
}
const VERT = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
attribute vec3 offset;
attribute vec3 nrm;
attribute vec4 rnd;
uniform float uTime, uLen, uWidth, uDroop, uSway, uCurl, uLay;
varying vec2 vUv;
varying float vRnd, vUp;
varying vec3 vWorld, vNrm;
void main(){
vUv = uv; vRnd = rnd.w;
float t = uv.y;
vec3 N = normalize(nrm);
/* spin the strand around its own normal so neighbours don't align */
vec3 ref = abs(N.y) > 0.92 ? vec3(1.0,0.0,0.0) : vec3(0.0,1.0,0.0);
vec3 T = normalize(cross(ref, N));
vec3 B = cross(N, T);
float ang = rnd.x * 6.2831853;
vec3 dir = normalize(T * cos(ang) + B * sin(ang));
float len = uLen * (0.45 + rnd.y);
/* Growing strictly along the surface normal means that on an up-facing surface
the strands stand straight up — and a thin vertical plate seen from above
projects to nothing, so the substrate shows through however dense it is.
Tilting them toward the surface tangent lays the moss ON the surface, which
is both what real moss does and what the camera can actually see. Drooping
instead just hangs them off the silhouette edge. */
vec3 growth = normalize(mix(N, dir, uLay));
vec3 p = offset + growth * (t * len);
/* gravity droop, strongest at the tip */
p.y -= uDroop * len * t * t * (0.4 + rnd.y);
/* and a sideways arc, so a blade is a curve rather than a spike */
p += dir * (uCurl * len * t * t * (rnd.x - 0.5) * 2.0);
/* breeze */
float phase = rnd.z * 6.2831853;
p += dir * (sin(uTime * 0.9 + phase) * uSway * len * t * t);
/* Orientation. Full camera-billboarding was right for thin blades — it stopped
them vanishing edge-on — but with wide leaflets it makes every one face the
same way, and they merge into a smooth sheet. Mostly keep each leaf's own
radial orientation and blend only slightly toward the viewer. */
vec3 axis = normalize(growth + vec3(0.0, -uDroop * t, 0.0));
vec3 toEye = normalize(cameraPosition - p);
vec3 camFace = normalize(cross(axis, toEye));
vec3 own = normalize(dir - axis * dot(dir, axis));
/* 0.28 was too far the other way: half the leaflets sat edge-on and
disappeared, so coverage collapsed. 0.55 keeps them readable while
still breaking the uniform camera-facing sheet. */
vec3 wide = normalize(mix(own, camFace, 0.55));
/* leaf silhouette: pinched at the stem, widest around 40% along, pointed tip.
The old profile was a straight taper, which reads as bristle no matter how
many you draw. */
float lw = sin(3.14159265 * pow(t, 0.62));
lw = pow(lw, 0.75) * 0.94 + 0.06;
p += wide * (position.x * uWidth * lw * (0.6 + rnd.y * 0.8));
vUp = N.y;
vNrm = N;
vWorld = p;
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * vec4(p, 1.0);
}`;
const FRAG = /* glsl */`
precision highp float;
uniform vec3 uRoot, uTip, uRim, uFogColor, uLightDir;
uniform float uFogNear, uFogFar, uRimPower;
varying vec2 vUv;
varying float vRnd, vUp;
varying vec3 vWorld, vNrm;
void main(){
float t = vUv.y;
/* root is dark and damp, tip catches the light — the Blender ColorRamp, kept */
vec3 col = mix(uRoot, uTip, t * t * (0.55 + vRnd * 0.95));
/* each leaflet its own value, or a dense mat averages into flat paint */
col *= 0.62 + vRnd * 0.78;
/* ambient occlusion down in the pile */
col *= mix(0.66, 1.0, t);
/* directional light on the surface normal — this is what gives the branch a lit
top and a dark underside instead of one flat wash of green */
vec3 L = normalize(uLightDir);
float ndl = max(dot(normalize(vNrm), L), 0.0);
/* wrapped diffuse: moss scatters, so it never goes fully black on the shadow side */
float wrap = ndl * 0.72 + 0.28;
/* 1.85 pushed the lit green past 1.0, and at exposure 1.85 that clipped to
neon wherever the light caught the moss side-on */
col *= mix(0.52, 1.42, wrap);
/* sky light still favours what points up */
col *= mix(0.82, 1.06, clamp(vUp * 0.5 + 0.5, 0.0, 1.0));
/* rim: the fuzzy backlit halo that sells moss as moss */
vec3 V = normalize(cameraPosition - vWorld);
float rim = pow(1.0 - abs(dot(V, L)), uRimPower);
col += uRim * rim * t * (0.35 + 0.9 * ndl);
float d = length(cameraPosition - vWorld);
float fog = smoothstep(uFogNear, uFogFar, d);
col = mix(col, uFogColor, fog);
gl_FragColor = vec4(col, 1.0);
}`;
export function makeFur(hostMeshes, opts = {}){
const {
density = 2600, maxCount = 130000, segs = 5,
length = 0.10, width = 0.0105, droop = 0.5, sway = 0.10, curl = 0.45, lay = 0.0,
upBias = 0.78, focus = null, clump = null,
root = [0.014,0.045,0.010], tip = [0.30,0.52,0.13], rim = [0.30,0.42,0.16],
fogColor = [0.035,0.043,0.033], fogNear = 9.0, fogFar = 30.0,
lightDir = [0.45, 0.8, -0.4], rimPower = 2.2,
} = opts;
/* strands per square unit, so coverage is even whatever the host's shape */
const areas = hostMeshes.map(surfaceArea);
const areaSum = areas.reduce((a,b)=>a+b, 0);
const scale = Math.min(1, maxCount / Math.max(1, density * areaSum));
const offAll = [], nrmAll = [], rndAll = [];
hostMeshes.forEach((m, i) => {
const n = Math.max(600, Math.round(density * areas[i] * scale));
const s = sampleSurface(m, n, upBias, focus, clump);
offAll.push(s.off); nrmAll.push(s.nrm); rndAll.push(s.rnd);
});
const cat = (arrs, stride) => {
const total = arrs.reduce((a,x)=>a+x.length, 0);
const out = new Float32Array(total); let o = 0;
arrs.forEach(x => { out.set(x, o); o += x.length; });
return new THREE.InstancedBufferAttribute(out, stride);
};
const geo = new THREE.InstancedBufferGeometry();
const base = strandGeometry(segs);
geo.index = base.index;
geo.setAttribute('position', base.attributes.position);
geo.setAttribute('uv', base.attributes.uv);
geo.setAttribute('offset', cat(offAll, 3));
geo.setAttribute('nrm', cat(nrmAll, 3));
geo.setAttribute('rnd', cat(rndAll, 4));
geo.instanceCount = geo.attributes.offset.count;
geo.boundingSphere = new THREE.Sphere(new THREE.Vector3(), 60);
const mat = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({
vertexShader: VERT, fragmentShader: FRAG, side: THREE.DoubleSide,
uniforms: {
uTime:{value:0}, uLen:{value:length}, uWidth:{value:width},
uDroop:{value:droop}, uSway:{value:sway}, uCurl:{value:curl}, uLay:{value:lay},
uRoot:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...root)},
uTip:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...tip)},
uRim:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...rim)},
uFogColor:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...fogColor)},
uFogNear:{value:fogNear}, uFogFar:{value:fogFar},
uLightDir:{value:new THREE.Vector3(...lightDir).normalize()},
uRimPower:{value:rimPower},
},
});
const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(geo, mat);
mesh.frustumCulled = false;
mesh.renderOrder = 2;
return mesh;
}
````
### code file `understory-post.js`
````js
/* Post-processing — the pass that makes a real-time render look photographed
rather than screenshotted.
Three stages after the scene render:
1. bloom, keyed high so only the light shafts and the brightest moss bloom
2. a grade: contrast, saturation, shadow lift, and aerial-perspective haze
recovered from depth
3. vignette
Kept as a small custom ShaderPass rather than a stack of library passes —
every one of these is a couple of lines, and one pass is one fullscreen read
instead of four. */
import * as THREE from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js';
import { EffectComposer } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/postprocessing/EffectComposer.js';
import { RenderPass } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/postprocessing/RenderPass.js';
import { UnrealBloomPass }from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/postprocessing/UnrealBloomPass.js';
import { ShaderPass } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/postprocessing/ShaderPass.js';
import { OutputPass } from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/examples/jsm/postprocessing/OutputPass.js';
const GradeShader = {
uniforms: {
tDiffuse: { value: null },
uContrast: { value: 1.0 },
uSaturation: { value: 1.0 },
uLift: { value: 0.0 },
uVignette: { value: 0.0 },
uWarm: { value: 0.0 },
},
vertexShader: /* glsl */`
varying vec2 vUv;
void main(){ vUv = uv; gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4(position,1.0); }`,
fragmentShader: /* glsl */`
uniform sampler2D tDiffuse;
uniform float uContrast, uSaturation, uLift, uVignette, uWarm;
varying vec2 vUv;
void main(){
vec4 c = texture2D(tDiffuse, vUv);
/* shadow lift first, so the contrast curve does not crush what it lifts */
c.rgb += uLift * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.0, 0.35, c.rgb));
/* contrast about mid-grey — this is what recovers the "clarity" that a
hazy, evenly-lit render loses */
c.rgb = (c.rgb - 0.5) * uContrast + 0.5;
float l = dot(c.rgb, vec3(0.2126, 0.7152, 0.0722));
c.rgb = mix(vec3(l), c.rgb, uSaturation);
/* split tone: warm the highlights, cool the shadows, the way a forest
reads under a canopy gap */
c.rgb += uWarm * vec3(0.045, 0.020, -0.030) * smoothstep(0.35, 1.0, l);
c.rgb -= uWarm * vec3(0.020, 0.005, -0.025) * (1.0 - smoothstep(0.0, 0.45, l));
float d = distance(vUv, vec2(0.5));
c.rgb *= mix(1.0, smoothstep(1.05, 0.30, d), uVignette);
gl_FragColor = vec4(max(c.rgb, 0.0), c.a);
}`,
};
export function makePost(renderer, scene, camera, opts = {}){
const {
bloomStrength = 0.42, bloomRadius = 0.55, bloomThreshold = 0.82,
contrast = 1.16, saturation = 1.14, lift = 0.012, vignette = 0.55, warm = 0.8,
} = opts;
const composer = new EffectComposer(renderer);
composer.addPass(new RenderPass(scene, camera));
const bloom = new UnrealBloomPass(
new THREE.Vector2(innerWidth, innerHeight), bloomStrength, bloomRadius, bloomThreshold);
composer.addPass(bloom);
const grade = new ShaderPass(GradeShader);
grade.uniforms.uContrast.value = contrast;
grade.uniforms.uSaturation.value = saturation;
grade.uniforms.uLift.value = lift;
grade.uniforms.uVignette.value = vignette;
grade.uniforms.uWarm.value = warm;
composer.addPass(grade);
/* OutputPass does the tone mapping + colour-space conversion that the renderer
would normally do on its own; without it a composed scene comes out flat */
composer.addPass(new OutputPass());
/* bloom is fill-rate bound and its blur hides the difference, so cap the
composer lower than the renderer's own ratio */
composer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(devicePixelRatio, 1.5));
composer.setSize(innerWidth, innerHeight);
return { composer, bloom, grade };
}
````
### code file `understory-realism.js`
````js
/* Realism pass — what separates a viewport render from a photograph.
The jungle exports with one flat baseColorFactor per material, so a whole
canopy is literally the same RGB triple everywhere. Real foliage never is:
it varies leaf to leaf and patch to patch, and it GLOWS where light passes
through it. Both are added here in-shader, so no textures ship.
Patches the existing MeshStandardMaterial via onBeforeCompile, keeping all of
three's PBR lighting intact. */
import * as THREE from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js';
const NOISE = /* glsl */`
float rh_(vec3 p){ return fract(sin(dot(p, vec3(127.1, 311.7, 74.7))) * 43758.5453); }
float rn_(vec3 p){
vec3 i = floor(p), f = fract(p);
vec3 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f);
return mix(mix(mix(rh_(i), rh_(i+vec3(1,0,0)), u.x),
mix(rh_(i+vec3(0,1,0)), rh_(i+vec3(1,1,0)), u.x), u.y),
mix(mix(rh_(i+vec3(0,0,1)), rh_(i+vec3(1,0,1)), u.x),
mix(rh_(i+vec3(0,1,1)), rh_(i+vec3(1,1,1)), u.x), u.y), u.z);
}
`;
/**
* @param {THREE.MeshStandardMaterial} material
* @param {object} o
* lowFreq / highFreq world-space frequencies of the two variation bands
* strength how far the tint swings (0.25 = +/-25%)
* warm how much the lit patches shift toward yellow-green
* translucency back-light bleed; 0 for bark and stone, high for leaves
* sun world-space direction TOWARD the sun
* grain fine per-fragment break-up, for bark and ground
*/
export function addSurfaceDetail(material, {
lowFreq = 0.22, highFreq = 2.4, strength = 0.30, warm = 0.35,
translucency = 0.0, sun = [0.45, 0.80, -0.40], grain = 0.0,
contact = 0.0, contactY = -2.85, contactSpan = 1.1,
} = {}){
/* A material is shared across every mesh that uses it — J_Bark is on 15 —
so without this guard the traverse patches the same material once per mesh
and every varying, uniform and helper gets re-declared N times. */
if (material.userData.__detailed) return material;
material.userData.__detailed = true;
/* wind.js may already have patched this material; chain rather than clobber */
const prev = material.onBeforeCompile;
const prevKey = material.customProgramCacheKey;
material.onBeforeCompile = (shader, renderer) => {
if (typeof prev === 'function') prev(shader, renderer);
shader.uniforms.uDetail = { value: new THREE.Vector4(lowFreq, highFreq, strength, warm) };
shader.uniforms.uTrans = { value: translucency };
shader.uniforms.uGrain = { value: grain };
shader.uniforms.uContact= { value: new THREE.Vector3(contact, contactY, contactSpan) };
shader.uniforms.uSunW = { value: new THREE.Vector3(...sun).normalize() };
shader.vertexShader = shader.vertexShader
.replace('void main() {', 'varying vec3 vWPos_; varying vec3 vWNrm_;\nvoid main() {')
.replace('#include <begin_vertex>',
`#include <begin_vertex>
vWPos_ = (modelMatrix * vec4(transformed, 1.0)).xyz;
vWNrm_ = normalize(mat3(modelMatrix) * objectNormal);`);
shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader
.replace('void main() {',
`varying vec3 vWPos_; varying vec3 vWNrm_;
uniform vec4 uDetail; uniform float uTrans, uGrain; uniform vec3 uSunW, uContact;
${NOISE}
void main() {`)
/* diffuseColor exists by this point — break the flat fill before it lights */
.replace('#include <color_fragment>',
`#include <color_fragment>
{
float nLow = rn_(vWPos_ * uDetail.x);
float nHigh = rn_(vWPos_ * uDetail.y);
/* two bands: broad patches of light and shade, then leaf-scale scatter */
float v = (nLow - 0.5) * 1.35 + (nHigh - 0.5) * 0.85;
float tint = 1.0 + v * uDetail.z;
diffuseColor.rgb *= tint;
/* the brighter patches are also the yellower ones — new growth and
sun-bleached leaves. A pure value change alone still reads plastic. */
float warmAmt = smoothstep(0.0, 0.55, v) * uDetail.w;
diffuseColor.rgb = mix(diffuseColor.rgb,
diffuseColor.rgb * vec3(1.45, 1.16, 0.52), warmAmt);
/* and the darkest patches go cooler and damper */
diffuseColor.rgb = mix(diffuseColor.rgb,
diffuseColor.rgb * vec3(0.72, 0.92, 0.88),
smoothstep(0.0, -0.5, v) * 0.6);
/* Everything sat equally lit whatever its height, so nothing looked
like it was RESTING on the floor. Real contact points are occluded;
this darkens the bottom of every object as a stand-in for AO. */
if (uContact.x > 0.0){
float ao = smoothstep(uContact.y, uContact.y + uContact.z, vWPos_.y);
diffuseColor.rgb *= mix(1.0 - uContact.x, 1.0, ao);
}
if (uGrain > 0.0){
float g = rn_(vWPos_ * 26.0) * 0.6 + rn_(vWPos_ * 74.0) * 0.4;
diffuseColor.rgb *= 1.0 + (g - 0.5) * uGrain;
}
}`)
/* translucency: a leaf lit from behind carries light through it. This is the
single most recognisable thing about jungle photography and no amount of
front lighting fakes it. */
.replace('#include <lights_fragment_end>',
`#include <lights_fragment_end>
if (uTrans > 0.0){
/* Use the side of the leaf that FACES THE VIEWER. The stored normal points
whichever way the blade was built, so for about half the leaves the
"light coming through" was being measured from the wrong face and came
out as zero — those leaves, seen from below, rendered flat black. */
vec3 toCam = normalize(cameraPosition - vWPos_);
vec3 Nv = normalize(vWNrm_);
if (dot(Nv, toCam) < 0.0) Nv = -Nv;
/* light arriving from BEHIND the leaf: the sun, and under overcast the
whole sky dome — so a leaf seen from below glows even with the sun
off to one side */
float sunBack = pow(clamp(dot(-Nv, uSunW) * 0.5 + 0.5, 0.0, 1.0), 2.2);
float skyBack = clamp(-Nv.y, 0.0, 1.0);
float back = max(sunBack, skyBack * 0.85);
float thin = 1.0 - abs(dot(Nv, toCam));
reflectedLight.indirectDiffuse +=
diffuseColor.rgb * vec3(1.15, 1.45, 0.62) * uTrans * back * (0.55 + 0.45 * thin);
}`);
material.userData.detailShader = shader;
};
/* three keys the program cache on onBeforeCompile.toString() when no custom key
is given. Every chained closure here stringifies identically, so wind-patched
and detail-only materials would silently share one compiled program. */
material.customProgramCacheKey = () =>
'rl:' + [lowFreq, highFreq, strength, warm, translucency, grain, contact].join('_') +
'|' + (typeof prevKey === 'function' ? prevKey.call(material) : '');
material.needsUpdate = true;
return material;
}
````
### code file `understory-wind.js`
````js
/* Wind — patches the glTF's own MeshStandardMaterials rather than replacing them,
so the vegetation keeps its PBR shading and just gains motion.
Two layers, because one sine reads as a machine: a fast local flutter per plant,
and a slow GUST that travels across the scene along -z. The gust is what sells
it — a jungle doesn't sway in unison, a wave moves through it. */
import * as THREE from 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/[email protected]/build/three.module.js';
const patched = [];
export function applyWind(material, {
amp = 0.05, // metres of sway at full height
freq = 1.1, // flutter rate
base = -2.9, // world y where the plant is rooted (no movement here)
span = 1.4, // metres over which sway ramps to full
gust = 1.0, // how much the travelling gust modulates it
} = {}){
material.onBeforeCompile = (shader) => {
shader.uniforms.uTime = { value: 0 };
shader.uniforms.uWindAmp = { value: amp };
shader.uniforms.uWindFreq = { value: freq };
shader.uniforms.uWindBase = { value: base };
shader.uniforms.uWindSpan = { value: span };
shader.uniforms.uWindGust = { value: gust };
shader.vertexShader = shader.vertexShader.replace(
'void main() {',
`uniform float uTime, uWindAmp, uWindFreq, uWindBase, uWindSpan, uWindGust;
void main() {`
).replace(
'#include <begin_vertex>',
`#include <begin_vertex>
{
vec4 wp = modelMatrix * vec4(transformed, 1.0);
/* rooted at the base, full sway at the tip */
float h = clamp((wp.y - uWindBase) / uWindSpan, 0.0, 1.0);
h = h * h;
/* a very shallow breathing, not a gust front. Kage uses none at all;
this stays inside 0.86-1.10 so it never reads as a pulse. */
float g = mix(1.0, 0.86 + 0.24 * (0.5 + 0.5 *
sin(uTime * 0.19 - wp.z * 0.045 + wp.x * 0.024)), uWindGust);
float ph = wp.x * 0.45 + wp.z * 0.33;
/* normalised: the two sines peak at 1.45 together, so divide through
or amp silently means 1.45x what it says */
float s = (sin(uTime * uWindFreq + ph)
+ 0.45 * sin(uTime * uWindFreq * 2.37 + ph * 1.8)) / 1.45;
float a = uWindAmp * h * g;
transformed.x += s * a;
transformed.z += cos(uTime * uWindFreq * 0.87 + ph * 1.2) * a * 0.62;
/* a bending stem shortens slightly — without this it looks like sliding */
transformed.y -= abs(s) * a * 0.20;
}`
);
material.userData.shader = shader;
};
material.customProgramCacheKey = () => 'wd:' + [amp, freq, base, span, gust].join('_');
material.needsUpdate = true;
patched.push(material);
return material;
}
export function tickWind(t){
for (const m of patched){
const sh = m.userData.shader;
if (sh) sh.uniforms.uTime.value = t;
}
}
````